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Largest land sale in history by the Hudson's Bay Company to the Dominion of Canada without consulting any of its Indigenous inhabitants, including the Métis.
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In October of 1869, the Red River Métis called for an independent Métis republic to be formed. The committee elected John Bruce as president and Louis Riel as secretary.
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A group of 120 men seized Upper Fort Garry.
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A provisional government is formed by English-speaking and French-speaking Metis.
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Thomas Scott is executed by firing squad.
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The Manitoba Act came into law and was passed by the Parliament of Canada and received Royal Assent.
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Manitoba officially joins the Confederation of Canada and receives Royal Assent. Important provisions in the Act included: bilingual denominational schools, judicial and parliamentary systems, and measures to address their "Indian" title to the land, through the granting of 1.4 million acres of land to "the children of the half-breed heads of families".
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Ottawa officially recognized Louis Riel as the founder of Manitoba.