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Period: Aug 27, 1500 to
history assignement
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Nov 29, 1500
algonkian characteristics
algonkians:
-Nomadic
-Papatrillineal society
-Hunters gatherers
-lived in small groups, in temporary houses
-multiple tribes -
Nov 29, 1500
iroquois characteristics
- Made up if multiple tribes
- They focusd on agruculture
- Needed animals skin for clothes
- Used tools such as, stone axes, bows and arrows, canoes.
- Lived in longhouses with several families
- Matrilineal society
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Dec 29, 1519
Magellan was the first to circle the world
During Magellan's voyage around the world, he proved that the earth was not flat but round. Magelllan was then murdered a few years later. His voyage lasted four years. (1519 - 1522) -
Apr 20, 1534
jaques cartiers first voyage
Jacques Cartiers first voyage consisted of him exploring and mapping the Gulf of St- Lawerence. He then thought he had discovered gold but it was really fish, timber and furs. Jacques Cartier's voyage was succesfull since he found fish fur and timber -
Sep 11, 1535
jaques cartiers second voyage
Jacques Cartiers second voyage consisted of him sailing up the St-Lawrence to reach Hochelaga and Stadacona (Quebec). The natives thankfully showed the Europeans how to survive winter and the deadly disease of scurvy. -
Nov 28, 1541
Jaques Cartiers third voyage
Jacuqes Cartiers second voyage consisted him up sailing up the Saint Lawrence river to Cape Rouge. He tried to set up a colony with Roberval, sadly however he was unsuccesful. -
Scotia, Port Royal
The King of France wanted to set up a new colony. He then sent up a voyage to Nova Scotia to discover a settlement called Port Royal. -
fur trade developments and post
From the years of 1608 to 1609, Champlain founded the trading post near Stadacona (Quebec).
Laviolette founded the three rivers which were an excellent spot for trading posts.
Paul Chomedy de Maisonneuve founded Montreal, also known as Ville Marie. -
king Louis the 14th
Louis the 14th had taken the throne at the age of five. Louis the 14th had two main goals. He wanted to resolve the battles in Europe and to take control of his colonies. -
royal gouverment
Louis the 14th and jean-babtiste astablished the first royal gouverment -Governor-highest rank commander of army defense dealt with external affairs veto power-Intendant- Responsible for the daily economic affairs of the colony, trade, justice, finance, settlement and seigneurialism. Controlled where the money goes with taxes set up industries -Bishop- appointed to the pope administered over parish, priests, hospitals, schools, charities-Not on the Council but still had power was the Captain -
rights an duites of the seigneurs and censitaire
-the censitaires had many responsinilitys such as to inhabit, clear, and cultivate their plot of land. Censitaires had a number of financial obligations to the seigneur. They had to pay the seigneur a cens, a pay for there land anually, a set annuity; and a miller's fee.
-the mode of seigneurial land tenure in New France was the semi-feudal system of land distribution used in the North American colonies of New France. The best land was near the water. the land was devided in rectangles. -
4th Intercolonial war
The Seven year war is from (1756-1763). The treaty of Paris ended the Seven year war. The French and English were against one another. This battle decides Quebec, Canada and American future. France had abandonned New France, and did not help them during the war. The English had a much greater population than the French. This war took place on the Planes of Abraham. -
religion and life in New France
The Clergy was everywhere:-Priests in charge of parishes (cure)-Priests working as missionaries-Nuns working in hospitals-Nuns working in schools-Potential priests were trained in a seminary
-settlers (habitants) became more self-dependentby
-By 1760 grew to become a distinct set of people called Canadien (13 colonies are becoming Americans). -
articles of capitulation 1760
The articles of capitulation are basicly the rules and regulations that everyone had to live and obey by untill the treaty is signed. There are four major rules, the French Mmilitia army can return home, the French Military must drop their weapons, people could practice the Roman Catholic religion however the Bishop had to leave and people who stayed in the colonie were turned into British subjects. -
treaty of paris 1763
Ends the 7 year war. New France is given to the King of England except two small islands St.Pierre and Miquelon. This has created many different conflicts especially with fishing. -
ROYAL PROCLAMATION 1763
1-It gives the King’s new colony a name, The Province of Quebec2-It decreases the borders to just around the St-Lawrence river valley.3-Put in place a civilian Government to run the new Colony: The King appointed a Governor who then appointed members of an Executive Council to advise him. 4- English Criminal and Civil laws were applied.5-No new Bishop would be allowed
-goal to control and assimilate
-Most of the British who came would be rich merchants -
stamp act, declatory act, and townshed act
Americans should pay for the costs of the war.Stamp Act 1765→ Tax only on Americans, on all newspapers, legal docs.Declaratory Act→ King could pass laws on 13 coloniesTownshed Act → Duties on glass, paints, paper, and tea (Boston Tea Party) -
Difficulties of the first Governors james murray
-James Murray found the Royal Proclamation unworkable, only 1% of the population of Quebec was Eng/Protestant
- he put in laws benifiting the french
-english got mad
- Murray did nit want the french to rebel -
Difficulties of the first Governors/quebec act- guyy carleton
-james murray gets kicked out and carleton comes in and inforces the same laws This lead to the creation of the Quebec Act 1774-Guarantees French Canadian loyalty -Enlarges the area of Quebec -Denied an elected assembly-Appointed council (min.17 members)-French civil laws were instated, tithe and seigniorial system are back-Test Act Oath→ Test Oath of Allegiance (swear to king you’re loyal, and could hold office)-amercans were very upset -
Qubec Act
The purpose of this act is to have the loyalty of the French in the case of war against the Americans. The French represented 99% of the population. This Act enlarges the area of Quebec, French civilian laws were instated, an elected assembly was denied, French members can be apointed to the council and the test act oath was present. The seignorial system was reinstated as well. -
American Revolution
The Americans faught against the British in the American revolution since the British had given them unreasonable amount of taxes and unfair land deals. The French decided to remain neutral even though the church told them that they should allie with the british. This sprung two conseuqences on new france where 6000 loyalists immigrated into Canada and longer journeys for fur in the Northweast. -
Treaty of Versailles and loyalistes
The Americans won the battle and are now part of an independant country.The American revolution ends with the Treaty of Versailles. -
the constitutional act
This act seperates Canada into Upper Canada and Lower Canada by using the Ottawa river. Lower Canada is for the French while upper Canada belongs to the English. Lower Canada has a much larger population. This act gives both Canadas a goverment system where there is a King, the British Parliament in which they both stay in France, and theres a Governor, an Executive council, Legislative council, Legislative assembly and then the regular population. -
war of 1812
During this war, the Americans were against the British. The Americans tried to take advantage of the British since the Napolean wars were in Europe. The Americans decided to try to attack Quebec, while the Americans and the French militia destroyed the Whitehouse. This war ended in stalemate. In 1783, the Americans are free from the British. The French and the loyalists felt secure as British subjects while the Americans were unhappy since they wanted more land. -
third wave of immigration
In 1815, the Irish Imigrants moved in Canada. Most moved into Upper Canada since they were English, however some moved into Lower Canada since they believed in Christianity. The reason for there journey was due to the massive potato famine in Ireland. -
92 resolutions of russell
In 1834, Louis Joseph Patriote wrote the 92 resolutions to England in which he demanded a Responsible Goverment. A few years later John Russell responds in the 10 resolutions Russell in which he gave more power to the councils. -
railways
The railways are an advancement in transportation. The railway system was in competiton with the steam ships. It took much less time to get from the Prairie to St Jeans. -
lord durham
Around the years of 1839 after the rebelllion, Lord Durham was sent into Canada to see how to prevent a further rebellion. He suggested to assimilate the French, unite both Canadas and put in a Responsible Goverment. -
act of union
The act of Union is the unting of both Upper and Lower Canadas in order to assimilate the French. This act also then puts one Goverment system in Quebec having 42 seats. The group that recieves the most seats, becomes the Prime Minister. The Prime minister can then elect his membesr to be apart of the Executif Council. Upper and Lower Canada must also share the debts amongst them. This act was suggsted by Lord Durham. -
economic changes
In the years of 1850, Canada experienced many economical changes. The population expanded, Canada created its own currency, seignorial systems were abolished, railways were being built and communications improved -
treaty of receprocity
In 1854, Canada was no longer part of the preferencial trade system with Britian. Canada then partnered up with the U.S and and signed the Treaty of Reciprocity for ten years which ceased temporarily taxes on goods.
