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The later civilisations of South America abruptly ended in 1535 when the Spanish conquistadors seized control
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Spanish conquistador Pedro de Alvarado led a Spanish expedition from Mexico and invaded Guatemala
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Indigenous Guatemalan population crushed and Guatemala becomes a Spanish colony under the control of the Captaincy General of Guatemala
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The Aztec rose to power in Mexico during the 12th and 13th centuries and remained in control until the arrival of the Spaniards in the 16th Century
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Spain encompassed all of its territories in south-east South America to create one large colony called the Viceroyalty of the Rio de la Plata
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Overthrow of the king of Spain by Napoleon
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The empire of the Incas covered Peru, Bolivia, northern Argentina, Chile, and Ecuador. The amazing rise of the Incas was achieved in less than one hundred years and covered an area of nearly 400,000 square miles
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The Toltecs ruled Mexico and Guatemala from the 10th to the 12th century
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The Olmec were the first true civilisation of South America and were the ancestors of the later cultures
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Writing systems can be classified into several types, including: pictographic, ideographic, logographic, syllabic, and alphabetic (Sharer 1994:604). Pictographic writing systems are designed to "represent words, ideas, or groups of words or ideas by means of elements that visually portray their associated meanings (for example a box for a house, or a stick figure for a human being)" (Id. at 605). Ideographic writing systems represent words, ideas or groups of same "by means of elements whose rel
