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Charles IV
Charles IV (11 November 1748 – 20 January 1819) was King of Spain from 14 December 1788 until his abdication on 19 March 1808. In 1788. He declared war on France(1793-1795).
When the populace rose at Aranjuez in 1808, the king abdicated on 19 March. -
Manuel Godoy
Manuel de Godoy y Álvarez (May 12, 1767 – October 4/7, 1851), was Prime Minister of Spain from 1792 to 1797 and from 1801 to 1808. he made a deal with Napoleon, Teatry of fontainbleau 1799. peple become dissapointed with him and was forced to resign. -
treaty of fontainebleau
it was signed in 1807 in the french city of Fontainebleau between the two representatives Manuel Godoy and Napoleon Bonaparte. After the disaster of the war against France in 1799. -
Motín of Aranjuez
The Mutiny of Aranjuez was an uprising against King Charles IV. The uprising occurred on 17 March 1808 in Aranjuez, where the royal family and the government were installed. Members of popular classes, soldiers and peasants assaulted Godoy's residence and captured him, and made King Charles dismiss the prime minister. The court forced Charles IV to abdicate and give the throne to Ferdinand VII. -
Jose Bonaparte
Joseph-Napoleon Bonaparte (7 January 1768 – 28 July 1844) was the elder brother of Napoleon Bonaparte, who made him King of Naples and Sicily (1806–1808), and later King of Spain (1808–1813, as José I). -
Fernando VII
Ferdinand VII (14 October 1784 – 29 September 1833) was twice King of Spain: in 1808 and from 1813 to 1833 – the latter period in dispute with Joseph Bonaparte.he abdicated the constitution of 1812. he also signed the pragmatic sanction because of his daughter. -
Napoleón
Napoleon Bonaparte (15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821) was a French military and political and its associated wars in Europe.
He forced both Charles IV end Ferdinad VII to abdicate in 19 March of 1808. -
Constitution of 1812
the central board convened a meeting of Courts of Cadiz in 1810. In 1812 a constitution was drafted by everyone who presented his vote. When Ferdinand VII returned, he closed the Courts and overrode the Constitution. In 1820 the king was obligated to accept the Constitution of 1812. -
Wellington
1st Duke of Wellington, (1 May 1769-14 September 1852), was a British soldier and statesman. he was one of the most important englilsh soldiers in the Npoleonics wars, in front of the Spanish war of Indpendence (1804-1814) -
Carlos María Isidro
The Infante Carlos of Spain (29 March 1788 – 10 March 1855) was the second surviving son of King Charles IV of Spain and of his wife. As Carlos V he was the first of the Carlist claimants to the throne of Spain. During the revolutionary troubles of 1820–1823 Carlos was threatened by the extreme radicals. While there were certain conservatives in Spain who wanted to put Carlos on the throne immediately -
Coronel Riego
Rafael del Riego y Nuñez (9 April 1784 – 7 November 1823) was a Spanish general and liberal politician, who role in the outbreak of the Liberal Triennium(182-1823). he stopped the absolutism and obligate the king to accept the Constitution of 1812. -
Jose de San Martín
José de San Martín (25 February 1778 – 17 August 1850), was an Argentine general and the prime leader of the southern part of South America's successful struggle for independence from the Spanish Empire .In 1808, after taking part in the Peninsular War against France, San Martín contacted South American supporters of independence from Spain. -
Simón Bolívar
Simón Bolívar (24 July 1783 – 17 December 1830), Bolívar roled in Hispanic America's successful struggle for independence from the Spanish Empire. Following the triumph over the Spanish Monarchy, Bolívar participated in the foundation of a republic, which was named Gran Colombia, of which he was president from 1819 to 1830. -
Mariana Pineda
Mariana Pineda, (1 September 1804–26 May 1831). At a very young age, she married Manuel Peralta Valte, a liberal army officer. In 1828 she assisted the escape from prison of her cousin. In 1831, a flag was discovered with the embroidered slogan 'Equality, Freedom and Law' and she was arrested and accused of conspiracy.she was executed by the garrote on 26 May. -
Isabel II of Spain
Isabella II (10 October 1830 – 10 April 1904) was queen regnant of Spain from 1833 until 1868. She came to the throne as an infant, but her succession was disputed by the Carlists, leading to the Carlist Wars. After a troubled reign, she was deposed in the Glorious Revolution of 1868, and formally abdicated in 1870. Her son Alfonso XII became king in 1874. -
Tomás de Zumalacárregui
Spanish Carlist soldier. (1788-1835) General Commander of Navarra and leader of the Carlist Army, he defeated several times the Liberal Army. He defeated General Valdés and controlled most of Navarra, Guipúzcua and Vizcaya. He was seriously injured in Bilbao. -
Mendizabal
Juan Álvarez Mendizabal (Chiclana de la Frontera, 25 February 1790 – Madrid, 3 November 1853), was a Spanish economist and politician. During the Trienio liberal he had actively participated in the revolts against absolutism. When Ferdinand VII renounced the Constitution of 1812 and restored his absolute power in 1823, Mendizábal and many other revolutionary liberals went into exile. -
Ramón Cabrera
Leader of the Carlists in the Maestrazgo, soldier, he installed in Morella the centre of his power. (1806-1877) In the 2nd Carlist War, he was the commander of Cataluña, Aragón and Valencia. He became the leader of the Party in 1869. -
María Cristina
Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies (27 April 1806 – 22 August 1878) was Queen consort of Spain (1829 to 1833) and Regent of Spain (1833 to 1840).
she was forced to call the progressives to introduce some liberal reforms(1835-1837). In 1840 she was forced to resign. -
Constitution of 1837
The Spanish Constitution of 1837 was the constitution of Spain from 1837 to 1845. Its principal legacy was to restore the most progressive features of the Spanish Constitution of 1812 and to entrench the concepts of constitutionalism, parliamentarism, and separation of powers in Spain. -
Rafael Maroto Yserns
Spanish soldier. (1783-1847) He fought in the Independence Wars of America. He joined the Carlist Army and he made the negotiations of the Treaty of Vergara. -
Espartero
Baldomero Espartero (27 February 1793 – 8 January 1879) was a Spanish general and political figure. He was associated with the Spanish liberalism. He became one of the most ardent defenders of the rights of Isabella II. For two years Espartero ruled Spain(1840-1841) -
Constitution of 1845
Signed during the government of Elizabeth II, it established the sovereignitybetween the Crown and the Courts. There was a suffrage based on census, and the Finance system and the Civil Guard were created. -
Vicalvarada
Also known as the Revolution of 1854, it was a military uprising succeeded in Vicalvaro, led by General O´Donnell and Espartero, who created a group of progressives and dissapointed moderates, called Liberal Union. This uprising lasted two years. -
Leopoldo O´Donnell
Spanish soldier and noble. He fought in the Carlist War and became the leader of the Liberal Union. He controlled the government during the Progressive Biennium. He approved the desamortization of the church´s lands and the building of a railway system. -
The Revolution of 1868
Revolutionary uprising, led by unionist and progressives, that finished the government of Elisabeth II. It marked the begining of the Democratic Sexenium. -
Francisco Serrano y Domínguez
Duke of the Tower, he was a Spanish soldier and politician that occupied the post of Regent and President of the Republic. (1810-1885) -
Constitution of 1869
Constitution created in the Courts after the Revolution of 1868.
The text approved Spain as a democratic country, universal suffrage, freedom of speech... The form of government of Spain was the parlamentarian monarchy. -
Juan Prim
Progressive soldier who led the military uprising, with the help of Serrano, of 1868. He formed the provisional government and helped to established a new monarch, Amadeo of Saboya. Prim was hurt in a attempt by a group of men. He died 3 days later. -
Amadeo I of Saboy
Son of Victor Manuel II of Italy. (1845-1890) He was King of Spain between 1870 and 1873. His reign was characterized by instability and crisis. Finally, he had to abdicate. -
First Republic
Proclaimed after being voted by the Courts. It was welcomed by everybody. The government was led first, by Figueras, and then, by Pi y Margall. There were some problems like the Carlist Wars and the revolts in Cuba, and finally, the monarchy was restored. -
Salmerón
Spanish politician during the First Republic. He was the President of the General Courts,and he had to resign due to several internal problems inside the government. -
Manuel Pavía
He was a Spanish soldier.(1867-1893) In 1874, he provoked the end of the Republic by a coup d’état that dissolved the Courts. -
Alfonso XII of Spain
He was King of Spain for 11 years. He was the son of Elisabeth II and he governed after the First Republic. He only had one boy and he died prematurely. During his reign the government was corrupt and manipulated. -
Arsenio Martínez-Campos Antón
Spanish general who rose against the First Republic in amilitary revolution with help of General Pavia, and restored Spain bourbon´s dinasty. So Alfonso XII became the King of Spain. -
Antonio Cánovas del Castillo
Spanish politician and historian who was the prime minister for 6 terms.He was the leader of the Conservative Party and he govern by turnismo together with Sagasta. He was murdered by an italian anarchist assassin. -
Pablo Iglesias Posse
Spanish marxist politician who founded the socialist party (PSOE). He was also a sindicalist to wanted to defend the rights of workers. He also founded UGT. -
Práxedes Mateo Sagasta
Spanish politician who served as Prime Minister on eight occasions (between 1870 and 1902) alternating with the Liberal-Conservative leader Antonio Cánovas by the system of turnismo.
He was the leader of the Liberal Party. -
Mª Cristina de Habsburgo-Lorena
Regent of Spain After th dead of her husband, Alfonso XII, in the name of his son who was minor. She ruled for 17 years, until Alfonso became an adult.
