-
Aug 1, 1500
Cabral sailed to Brazil
-
Period: Aug 1, 1500 to
Canadien History
-
Aug 1, 1513
Balboa landed in Central America, crossed land to see Pacific Ocean
-
Aug 1, 1519
Magellan first to circle the world, proved earth was round
(1519-1522) -
Aug 1, 1534
Jacque Cartier explored and mapped the Gulf of St-Lawrence, reported what he thought was gold but lots of fish, timber, and furs
-
Aug 1, 1535
Jacques Cartier sailed up the St-Lawrence, reached Stadacona (Quebec). Nice natives showed Europeans how to survive winter and scurvy. They return with native captives (incl. Chief Donacona)
-
Aug 1, 1541
Jacques Cartier attemped to set up a colony (not successful). Missionaries attempted to convert natives. France lost interest for 60yrs.
-
The king first sent a voyage in 1605 to establish a settlement in Nova Scotia called Port Royal
-
Champlain returned in 1608-09 to establish a trading post near Stadacona, a point where the river narrows
1608-1609 -
In 1661 Louis the 14th took control of France for himself.
-
Minister of Marine who at the time was Jean-Baptiste Colbert. He and Louis decided to implement Royal Government in 1663.
(1663-1760)
Once the king took power he wanted to encourage settlement. (He put an Intendant named Jean Talon in charge) -
The First Intercolonial War→Ends with the Treaty of Ryswick
-
The Second Intercolonial War→Ends with the Treaty of Utrecht
-
The Third Intercolonial War→Ends with the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle
-
The Fourth Intercolonial War (a.k.a. the 7yrs War) is more complicated and requires further analyses
1756-1763 -
Battle on the Plains of Abraham → Wolf (Eng.) vs. Montcalm (Fr.) both Generals die, English win, Quebec falls, any remaining French troops retreat to Montreal, where the will shortly give up (Capitulate) 1760. The fighting will continue in Europe for anot
-
In New France the people were very autonomous and by 1760 grew to become a distinct set of people called Canadien (13 colonies are becoming Americans). Also they were given several articles of capitulation.
Population Growth
!663 - 3000 Habitants
1760 - 70000 Habitants
1. The French Militia could return home, no one would lose their property
2. The French Regular military would lay down their arms and leave.
3. The people could practice the R.C. religion, but the Bishop would have to leave.
4. The people who stayed would become British Subjects. -
Treaty of Paris - 7rys war ends. All the Territory known as New France is given to the King of England except two small Islands, (St.Pierre, Miquelon) The Royal Proclamtion - 1- It gives the King’s new colony a name, The Province of Quebec2- It decreases
STUPID PICTURE DSNT UPLOAD -
Acte of Quebec - Seen as the last straw to Americans which gave the French more land.
-
American Revolution Begins 1776
-
The British final defeat was in Yorktown 1781, and a peace treaty was signed in 1783 (Treaty of Versailles)
-
The Constitutional Act
Lower Canada-was almost entirely French (160 000ppl)Upper Canada-was entirely English (20,000ppl)The Ottawa River would be the boundary between them.In Lower Canada the French kept their religion, civil laws, and people could work in the administration.In Upper Canada the Protestants, would use the township system, English Civil laws. -
Steam power is invented by James Watt in 1802, and then adapted to ships, and then early trains.
-
The War of 1812
-The Americans were now free from the British since 1783-The British were still upset about losing their colonies to the south-Since their arrival the Loyalists had feared an American invasion. -
By 1815 many poor immigrants were coming from Great Britain (esp. Ireland) in search of a better way of life.
-
The Patriots
By the 1830’s two distinct groups have formedBritish Party (Chateau Cliques, Tories): Controlled the councils, spent money on public works.Parti Canadian (Parti Patriote): Controlled the assembly, power over taxes -
The Resolutions
The leader of the Patriotes was Louis Joseph Papineau, and in 1834 he wrote 92 Resolutions (a list of the assemblies demands) their main demand was for Responsible Government (for the members of the councils to be selected from the elected assembly) and the government made up by the people would be responsible for its decisions. This document was sent to the British Government to be looked at…Lord John Russell responded with the 10 Resolutions (solutions which didn’t solve any of the Patriotes -
Canada began to build a railway system, the railway opened in 1836. This was a large advancement and competition for steamships.
-
1840 Act of Union (the 4th constitution)
- Creates the Prov. of Canada consisting of Canada East and West (former upper and lower Canada).2. Canada east and west each had 42 members to its assembly3. Governor still had control and veto power4. Canada east and west would equally pay for Canada’s debts (Cdn West owed 10X).
-
• 1842: The Prime minister would select members of the executive council from the assembly.
-
• 1848: Governor Lord Elgin would be the first to not use his veto powers, and allow the Prime minister(majority holder) to have executive powers.
-
-Canada creates its own currency 1853
-
Seignurial System abolished in 1854
-
Canada signs a Reciprocity treaty with the USA in 1854 (to last 10 yrs). This treaty meant customs/duties between the two countries temp. ceased. Proved advan. For Canadian producers, because the states were such a large market.
