-
Period: to
Independence of Brazil
In 1808, after Napoleon's attack on Portugal, the Portuguese royal family fled to Brazil and decided to establish a new economic model here. But, that would not be possible while Brazil was a colony of Portugal. Don Pedro I decided that Brazil needed to get out of the hands of Portugal and signed trade and navigation treaties, opening opportunities to do business with other countries such as, for example, England. -
Period: to
Independence of Ecuador
Fun facts
At the beginning of the 19th century the insurrections welcomed the preaching of Eugenio Espejo from the previous decade. The first movements began in 1809 with the rebellion of the Creoles against the Spanish government of Napoleonic nature. The rebels formed a provisional Government Junta on August 10, 1809 in Quito, but the participants were defeated by troops sent from the Viceroyalty of Peru and the Viceroyalty of New Granada. -
Independence of Ecuador
The "Act of August 10, 1809" does not mention -in any of its parts- the word "independence" and on the contrary, it indicates that those involved in the coup d'etat "will compose a Supreme Board that will govern temporarily on behalf of Mr. Fernando Seventh "
The first of them in March 1806, when the "precursor" Francisco de Miranda - commanding an army organized by him - landed in Coro (now Venezuela) to start the struggles for the independence of Spanish America. -
Period: to
Independence of Argentina
On July 9, 1816, the Argentine Independence Act was signed, this document was signed by the representatives of the United Provinces, this act was carried out in the General Congress in San Miguel de Tucumán. The inhabitants of Buenos Aires on May 25, 1810, elected a private government, and deposed the delegate of the Spanish royalty in the viceroyalty of Rio de la Plata. -
Period: to
Mexico's independence
1800 - 1810 - The conspiracy of Querétaro to rise up against the viceroyalty is born.
1817 - Francisco Xavier Mina, Mier y Terán, Vicente Guerrero and Torres rose up in the fight for Independence.
1821 - Agustín de Iturbide promulgated the Plan of Iguala or the Three Guarantees.
August 1821 - Mexico signed the treaty of Córdoba that ratified the Plan of Iguala.
September 1821 - The Trigarante army makes its triumphal entry into Mexico, and Mexico is proclaimed an independent country. -
Period: to
Independence of Chile
In Chilean historiography, three periods are distinguished: Old Homeland (1810-1814)
Reconquest (1814-1817)
New Homeland (1817-1823) A year later, on February 12, 1818, the Act of Independence was signed, a document by which Chile solemnly declared its independence from the Spanish monarchy. -
Period: to
Independence of Paraguay
Fun facts
1. Despite the domination of Castilian throughout South America, this was the only country where the conquerors also adapted to the language of the conquered.
2. In the early 1800s there were three ideological trends
the Spanishists, who were faithful to the Kings of Spain.
the porteñistas, who proposed to maintain the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata based in Buenos Aires
the autonomists, who advocated the creation of a Republic -
Period: to
Independence of Uruguay
On August 25, 1825, three laws were declared: Independence Law: with respect to the Empire of Brazil, Portugal and any other foreign power.
Union Law: from the Eastern Province to the other United Provinces of the Río de la Plata.
Flag Law: which established as the flag of the Eastern Province the tricolor: "light blue, white and punctured" until the other provinces accepted the incorporation of the Eastern Province. -
Period: to
Puerto Rico Independence
Fun facts
The uprising in New Spain led the Spanish crown to cut Puerto Rico's dependence on the viceroyalty. The Real Cédula de Franquicias (1815) gave the island greater freedom of trade and the introduction of slaves and more facilities for immigration. -
Independence of Argentina
The Declaration of Independence of Argentina was a decision taken on Tuesday, July 9, 1816 by the Congress of Tucumán, by which it declared the formal rupture of the ties of political dependence of the United Provinces of Río de la Plata with the Spanish monarchy. .
The declaration was made in the House of Tucumán, where the assembly was in session. Ten days later, the same Congress also renounced all other foreign domination. -
Period: to
Perú Independence
San Martín had declared the Independence of Chile in 1818 and arrived at the port of Pisco, in Peru, in September 1820, when the independence movement was first expressed in Huaura, where the Argentine declared the Independence of Peru for the first time in November of that year.
The liberator spoke with the Spanish viceroy José de La Serna in June 1821 at the Hacienda Punchauca, hinting at the idea of the independence of Peru based on reconciliation with the Spanish. -
Independence of Chile
Chile on September 18, 1810 declared its independence from the Spanish crown, thus initiating the Chilean Independence Movement, in 1810 Chile declared its independence, the creation of the act that symbolized the break with the Spanish crown would take place on January 1, 1818 in the city of Concepción, although Bernardo O'Higgins would promulgate his independence until February 12, 1818, however, the armed conflicts between patriots and royalists would extend from 1810 to 1823. -
Perú Independence
On July 28, 1821, the Peruvian nation reached its independence from the Spanish monarchy, thus creating the sovereign history of the Independence of Peru.
198 years ago, Argentine General José de San Martín proclaimed the country's independence. Thus was born a new Peru governed by authorities democratically elected by its people. -
Mexico's independence
The Independence of Mexico has several stages, the most important going from the Grito de Dolores (09/16/1810) to the battle of Puente de Calderón (in the current municipality of Zapotlanejo, Jalisco, on 01/17/1811).
Fun Facts -In the Act of Independence signed on 09/28/1821, it is established that Mexico would be recognized as an Empire in 1823, the act was renewed and instead of saying "Empire", the term "Republic" was established. That is why Mexico has two acts of independence. -
Independence of Brazil
The independence of Brazil was proclaimed on September 7, 1822 by Prince Don Pedro I, on the banks of the Ipiranga River, in São Paulo. At that time, Brazil was a colony of Portugal and paid very high taxes to the Crown. The economic situation was bad and the industry was not developing. -
Independence of Uruguay
Uruguay declared its independence from the Empire of Brazil on August 25, 1825 and again became part of the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata, thanks to the members of the Banda Oriental peoples.
The assembly of August 25, 1825 had as president the priest Juan Francisco Larrobla. -
Independence of Paraguay
On May 14 and 15, 1811, Paraguay became independent from the Viceroyalty of Río de la Plata when a group of young people decided to put an end to the long Spanish colonization, it was one of the first countries in the region to become independent from Spain.
Act of the Independence of the Republic of Paraguay (1842)
It announced the independence of the country "from all foreign powers."
On July 20, 1811, the Paraguayan junta sent a note in which it communicated that Paraguay would govern itself. -
Period: to
Cuban Independence
Fed up with Spain's reactionary colonial policies and hopeful of Lincoln's new American dream in the north, in the late 1860s Creole landowners living in Bayamo began to plot how to rise up. The conflict got off to a promising start on October 10, 1868, when Carlos Manuel de Céspedes, a budding poet, lawyer and owner of a sugar plantation, started an uprising from his La Demajagua sugar mill in Oriente province. -
Cuban Independence
The Cuban War of Independence is the name by which the last Cuban war of independence is known against the Spanish Empire, in addition to the last of those carried out in the American continent. The conflict began on February 24, 1895 in a simultaneous uprising of thirty-five Cuban towns, the so-called Grito de Baire, and ended in August 1898, after the United States entered the conflict and the subsequent Spanish defeat. It was known in Spain as the "War of Cuba" -
Puerto Rico Independence
Puerto Rico has a history similar to that of Cuba, but it has also suffered, to a greater degree, from the independence of Haiti; since this was where the rebels from the island of Hispaniola were exiled.
The independence aspirations in Puerto Rico began to manifest themselves in 1821 but did not generate revolution or confrontations. However, the situation will gradually fester and on September 23, 1868 the Grito de Lares was launched, a cry of independence against Spain.
