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Pope Gelasius saw that there were two symbolic swords, religious and political. He felt that the Pope should bow to the emperor for political matters but that the emperor should bow to the Pope for religious matters. They competed for political power.
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Excommunication- banishment from the church; freed kings vassals from their duties to him
Interdict- sacraments and religious services could not be performed in the king's land -
Pope Gregory banned Lay investiture, a ceremony in which kings and nobles appointed church officials. King Henry was angry and orderded the Pope to step down from papacy. In return the Pope excommunicates him.
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Henry IV crossed the snowy Alps to the Italian town of Canossa. He approached the castle where Gregory was a guest and begged for forgiveness.
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Representatives of the Church and the Pope met in the German town of Worms. Came to a compromise that stated the Pope appointed bishops but the empeor had the right to veto the appointment.
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Seven princes chose Frederick I, Barbossa, as king.
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The foot soldiers of the Lombard League faced Frederick's army of mounted knights at the Battle of Legano. The foot soldiers won.
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Frederick I makes peace with the Pope and returns to Germany.
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After his drowning, his empire fell to pieces
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Charlmagne is crowned emperor by Pope Leo the third.
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King Otto was the most effective ruler of medeival Germany and formed a close alliance with the Church.
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He invaded Italy on behalf of the Pope. The Pope rewarded him by crowning him emperor.
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an empire established in Europe in the 10th century a.d., originally consisting mainly of lands in what is now Germany and Italy.
