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Period: 1400 to 1517
The Church before the Reformation
During this period the church was very rich and powerful. They sold indulgences which got out of purgatory quicker cards. Martin Luther thought this was unholy and started the Reformation -
Period: 1484 to 1531
Zurich Zwingli
Zwingli believed in Sola Scriptura- or religion based on only what the scripture said. He believed it was anti-tradition if it didn't come from the bible. -
1501
Priest hood of believers
Martin Luther started the priesthood of all believers. Saying anyone can have a direct relation with god, and anyone can interpret the bible. -
Period: 1509 to 1564
John Calvin
John Clavin believed in Calvinism or pre-destination- The idea that if god knows everything and is everywhere then he already knows if you go into heaven or hell. -
Oct 31, 1517
Start of the Reformation
Martin Luther nailed his 95 theses to the front doors of the church. These theses criticized the church. He was starting to share and spread his ideas and beliefs. -
Jan 28, 1521
Diet of Worms
Luther was put on trial, with Charles V being the emporer/ judge. Luther was branded a heretic and outcasted as an outlaw. His friends would later kidnap him to make sure he was safe -
Period: Jan 28, 1521 to Oct 28, 1521
Luther goes into hiding
After Luther was cast as an outlaw he went into hiding. -
1522
Luther writes the first German bible
Martin Luther wrote the first German bible. This allows peasant and religious folks to really see what the bible says. This also meant that the church had a lot less power because they couldn't translate the bible to favor themselves. -
Period: 1523 to 1525
Peasants War
The Peasant's War was an uprising in Germany. In which peasants revolted against nobles and landlords. Brought by the Reformation they revolted for their land rights -
1526
Wylliam Tyndale publishes first English Testament
William Tyndal published the first English Testament. Allowing many to read the actually first Testament. -
1529
Diet of Speyer
During the Diet of Speyer, a little bit of Protestant toleration was allowed. This led to the expansion of Protestantism. -
Feb 24, 1530
Charles V
During 1530 Charles V gained Austria. Then he was elected as the holy roman empower. He gained the Netherlands, Naples/Italy, Mexico, and S America. -
Period: 1531 to 1547
Schmalkaldic League
This league defended Protestantism majorly in many empires. It also protected Protestantism from Charles V -
1533
Henry the VIII marries Catherine of Aragon
When Henry VIII married Catherine. The Church of England and the Roman Catholic Church were joined together. -
Nov 3, 1534
Henry the VIII becomes leader of the church
Henry VIII becomes the leader of the church to divorce his wife Cathrine of Aragon. This also separates the Church of England from the Roman Catholic Church. -
1536
John Calvin publishes the Institutes of the Christian Religion
This article called The Institutes of the Christian Religion would become one of the most important articles of the Reformation because it argued to serve god with faith alone instead of with money. -
Sep 27, 1540
The society of Jesus or Jesuits is created
Pope Paul III accepted Ingnatious's Society of Jesus. These followers called the Jesutis went around many parts of Poland and Germany converting people from Protestantism to Catholicism. -
Period: 1545 to 1563
The Council of Trent
During the Roman Catholic Church-wide meeting. The church changed many of its Church practices. It set the Roman Catholic Church's trajectory for the next 400 years. It was known as the Counter Reformation -
Feb 18, 1546
Martin Luther Dies
Martin Luther died at the age of 62 in Germany. -
1547
John Knox establishes the Protestant Religion in Scotland
John Knox along with a few other Protestant believers established Protestantism in Scotland by publishing Reformation Parliament. -
1549
The book of common prayer
The Book of Common Prayer was important because it changed how Anglicans worshipped. It was the first prayer book to include the complete forms of service and Sunday worship. -
1552
Peace of Passu
After major religious wars between Charles V and Protestantism Charles V decided to grant Lutheran states toleration. Many Protestant prisoners were released -
1556
Charles V gives up power
Charles V gives up his power. his son gets Spain, brother gets the Holy Roman Empire and Austria. He then goes into retirement into a monastery. -
Period: to
The 30 years war
The 30 Years' War started out as a religious war between the Catholics and the protestants. It eventually turned into a battle about politics and which group would end up ruling Europe. this battle ended with the Catholics winning. However, the war ended up costing 18 million lives and put Spain and Austria into a huge debt. -
Peace of Westphalia
After the Thirty Years' war, many places were in huge debt. Not wanting to fight in religious wars anymore they signed the Peace of Westphalia. Saying that whatever the ruler decides is religion of the state, is the religion of the state.