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Period: Feb 7, 600 to
The West Struggles
600s: How was the West doing?
Not so hot.
How was the East doing?
Economy: check.
Unbroken line of rulers from Constantine: check.
Beautiful palace for the Emperor: check. -
Jan 6, 700
After two defeats in the 700s, the spread of Islam slowed down
After two defeats in the 700s, the spread of Islam slowed down -
Jan 30, 717
Willboard attempts to Preach the Gospel in Viking Territory
In 717, a monk names Willibroad became the first to attempt to preach the Gospel in Viking territory -
Period: Feb 6, 1000 to Feb 6, 1212
The Reconquista: the reconquest of Spain from the Muslims
The Reconquista: the reconquest of Spain from the Muslims
The Church baptized and persuaded Jews and Muslims to become Christians (by whatever means necessary) -
Feb 6, 1040
Western Church at All Time Low
In the 1040s, the Western Church was at its low:
Papacy was corrupt: no strong leader to make sure everyone behaved!
Lay rulers took control over most of Church -
Jul 27, 1054
THE GREAT SCHISM
July 1054: Cardinal Humbert SLAMMED the bull of excommunication on the high altar of Hagia Sofia, the beautiful Eastern Church -
Feb 6, 1095
Pope Urban II declared a Holy War
Byzantine Emperor requested help fighting Turks who were attacking Christian pilgrims
The battle cry was “Deus Vult” meaning “God wills it -
Feb 6, 1099
French and Italian Crusaders captured Jerusalem
1099: French and Italian Crusaders captured Jerusalemthis was the beginning of a long bloody battle between Christians and non-Christians -
Period: Feb 7, 1101 to Feb 7, 1200
revival of economy, politics, religion, and culture for the West
and culture for the West
Faith:
Bernard of Clairvaux inspired reform within the Church : Gothic Architecture originated in Northern France Pope Innocent III brought power back to the papacy
Power went to the popes’ heads and they soon alienated the people because of their worldliness and greed -
Feb 5, 1122
The Concordat of Worms
Ended the power struggle: Bishops were to be elected by clergy in the presence of the Emperor
Emperor did not invest them with their place, but the new bishop would pay homage to him
Spiritual Renewal!
Benedictine monasticism took over the West
New orders formed:
Carthusians: ultra-strict order of monks. Do you think they were popular?
Cistercians: order that included Bernard of Clairvaux, who made it popular! -
Mar 7, 1140
Faith, Art, and Learning
1140: the church of Saint Denis was rebuilt by an unknown artist
Used flying buttresses, ribbed vaulting, pointed arches
Fewer pillars and more windows than previous Romanesque style
Cathedrals were built in this style
Most important building in each city
Workers who built them are unknown; they built for God’s glory and not their own -
Feb 6, 1209
Saint Francis founded the Franciscans, or the Order of Friars Minor
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Jan 1, 1215
Saint Dominic founded the Dominicans, or the Order of Preachers
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Period: Feb 6, 1225 to Feb 6, 1274
Thomas Aquinas Life
Lived 1225-1274
“No one can live without delight, and that is why a man deprived of spiritual joy goes over to fleshly pleasures.”
Wrote the Summa Theologica
Coined the term “transubstantiation”
Developed 5 Proofs that God exists: PUNPI!!!
Perfect Standard
Uncreated Creator
Necessary Being
Prime Mover
Intelligent Design
Did not finish the Summa after a mystical experience. He said “All I have written is as straw beside the things that have been revealed to me.” -
Aug 6, 1294
August 1294: Celestine V elected pope
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Feb 1, 1295
1295: Boniface VIII elected pope
1295: Boniface VIII elected pope
Writes Unam Sanctam calling all to submit to papal authority
French and English nation states unhappy -
Feb 6, 1295
Boniface VIII dies
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Period: Feb 6, 1305 to Feb 6, 1378
1305-1378
7 French Popes reigned from Avignon -
Feb 7, 1305
: Clement V ELECTED POPE
: Clement V, friend of the French king, elected Pope
Didn’t want to go to Rome, stayed in Avignon, France -
Period: Feb 6, 1347 to Feb 6, 1350
Black Death hit from 1347-1350
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Feb 7, 1371
1371: Gregory XI elected pope
1371: Gregory XI elected pope -
Feb 3, 1378
1378: Urban VI elected pope
1378: Urban VI elected pope (last non-cardinal to be elected)
Tortured six cardinals…not such a good guy… -
Apr 7, 1378
1378: Clement VII elected pope
1378: Clement VII elected pope because Urban was invalid
Clement lived in Avignon: created dilemma…who should get the loyalty? -
Feb 6, 1389
Urban Dies
1389: Urban dies before a decision is made, succeeded by Boniface IX -
Feb 7, 1394
1394: Clement dies before a decision is made, succeeded by Benedict XIII
1394: Clement dies before a decision is made, succeeded by Benedict XIII -
Feb 6, 1404
pope Innocent VII elected
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Feb 6, 1406
pope Gregory XII elected
pope Gregory XII elected -
Feb 7, 1409
1409: Alexander V elected pope
1409: Alexander V elected pope at Council of Pisa…now three “popes”- two illegitimate, one legitimate -
Feb 7, 1410
1410: Alexander V dies suddenly,ohn XXIII elected pope
1410: Alexander V dies suddenly, John XXIII elected pope (he was once a pirate) -
Feb 6, 1418
1418: Western Schism ends with the election of Martin V. PHEW!!!
1418: Western Schism ends with the election of Martin V. PHEW!!! -
Feb 7, 1418
1414-1418: Council of Constantine
1414-1418: Council of Constantine met to make a decision: all three resigned for the sake of unity in the Church -
Sam Richardson gives this Timeline to Ms. B
This was Fun Ms. B :) -
Pope Gregory the Great Was Elected!
Pope Greggory the Great in the Conclae of 590 -
Charlemagne became King of the Franks
became king of the Franks -
Charlemagne Crowned Roman Emperorer
800: earned the favor of Pope Leo III and was crowned Holy Roman Emperor -
Charlemagne’s Rule Ends
By the end of Charlemagne’s rule in 814, Europe was Christian. -
Otto I became Holy Roman Emperor and began reform
Otto I became Holy Roman Emperor and began reform -
Period: to Jan 1, 1001
Chaos in the West
From the 9th-11th centuries, the papacy was a prize of Roman families rather than a holy office
Several popes were assassinated, poisoned, or deposed
Nasty stories of Pope John VIII and Pope Stephen VII -
Period: to
A Storm Brews
Test and East showed there was a storm brewing…
Iconoclasts: believed that it was wrong to venerate pictures and icons
Photius: ruler who created more tension with the papacy by having the current pope excommunicated.
Russia: King Vladimir sent out scouts to see which form of Christianity would go best with the Russians…the West was WAY too lavish for them!
