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Upper and Lower Canada join to become the Province of Canada (Canada West and East)
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http://oldwellandcanals.wikidot.com/history
This website provides information on the history of the Welland Canals.
In 1841 the Welland Canal Company was beginning to have problems with maintaining the canal because repair costs relied on government subsides. That year it was thought to sell the canal to the government and it was sold. -
The capital of the Province of Canada is moved from Kingston to Montreal
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The Great Famine began in the late summer of 1845. The Irish were unable to grow potatoes due to the crop faliure and were forced to immigrate to Canada and the United States. http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/ireland_great_famine_of_1845.htm
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Britain and the United States settle land dispute with the Oregon Treaty. http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/oregon-treaty/
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This was a law suit that is one of the main reasons the civil war was started. http://www.historyplace.com/lincoln/dred.htm
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In 1848 Nova Scotia becand the first colony to be granted responsible government. Later that year in the Province of Canada (led by Robert Baldwin and Louis LaFontaine) Lord Elgin instituted responsible government.
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The capital was moved from Montreal to Toronto and it would be capital from 1849-59 with Quebec as capital from 1851-1855.
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Starting in the 1850s John. A. Macdonald's calls for a federal union of all the British colonies in North America began to get stronger. It was seen by many, including the British, as a way to strengthen the colonies and to deal with the many problems including attacks from the Americans and Fenians, an opportunity to regain free trade for the colonies and expansion for all colonies needing more good land.
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The Panama Railroad opens, and the first locomotive to travel from the Atlantic to the Pacific travels on it.
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The Intercolonial Railway was the railway that would connect the colonies together. In 1858 the first stretch, from Halifax to Truro, opened.
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The Fraser River Gold Rush brings people flocking to the colony of British Columbia.
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The Grand Trunk Railway was opened in December 1859 and for a time prospered with British support but in 1860 it put the Province of Canada 72 million dollar in debt.
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The United States of America spent 4 years in a bloody war that was a large part of the anit-slavery movement. http://www.civilwar.org/education/history/civil-war-overview/overview.html. Many slaves fleeing conflict and slavery attempted to cross into Canada and the other British Colonies because they were the final stop of the Underground Railroad to freedom. http://www.blackhistorycanada.ca/events.php?themeid=21&id=6
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This conference took place in Charlottetown, PEI and was meant to be a discussion about Maritime Union but when the Province of Canada turned up everything changed.
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This was a follow up of the Charlottetown Conference and the Conference during which the Seventy-Two Resolutions were drafted.
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The capital is moved from Quebec 1859-65 to Ottawa in 1866 http://ottawa.ca/en/residents/arts-culture-and-community/museums-and-heritage/virtual-exhibit-ottawa-becomes-capital-0-6
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The United States purchases Alaska from Russia for $7.2 million. This marks the end of Russia on North America.
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Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Québec (Canada East) and Ontario(Canada West) unite to form the Dominion of Canada.
