-
-
Diaz sailed around Africa.
-
Christopher Columbus set out for China, and ended up in America. Unfortunately, he did not find the precious stones and silks that he was looking for.
-
Columbus set sail for China and landed up in America.
-
John Cabot set out for Asia, and landed up on the Eastern Coast of Canada.
-
Vasco da Gama sailed to India.
-
Europeans were not the first ones to inhabit North America. When they arrived about 500 years ago, they met the Natives, who were the original habitants.
-
Cabral sailed to Brazil.
-
Sailed the pacific ocean and landed up in Central America.
-
1519-1522. Ferdinand Magellan was the first person to sail around the entire world. Although he died on route, the point where he ended off was somewhere were he had already sailed (overlap). He proved that the Earth IS round, despite what the Church has said.
-
1534, 1535 & 1541. Jacques Cartier did three separate voyages. During the first one (1534), he explored the St. Lawrence River, claimed the land in the name of the king of France, and found all of the ressources (timber, furs etc.) that he thought would be profitable. In 1535 (2nd voyage), he reached Stadacona (Quebec). The natives showed the Europeans life skills like survivng the winter and scruvy which affected a large population. Final trip of 1541, failed at setting up colony.
-
The king of France set workers to Nova Scotia to set up the very first full-time settlement in Port-Royal. Champlain was one of the workers. This settlement failed because it was not placed well geographically, and it didn't pay for the Natives to go there to trade.
-
After founding Trois-Rivieres, Samuel-de-Champlain founded a new trading post in Quebec, where the river narrows.
-
In 1634, Laviolette, with the help of other men, founded Three Rivers (trading post).
-
In 1642, Paul Chomedy-de-Maisonneuve founded Villa Maria (Montreal), with the help of a nurse who set up Hotel-Dieu (a hospital), Jeanne Mance.
-
In 1653, Marguerite Bourgeoys set up the first school in Quebec to educate natives, girls and the poor.
-
In 1663, the king Louis the 14th, put in place the Royal Government. In France were situated the King and the Minister of the Marine. The Governor general, in New France, had the power over the civil and military affairs in the colony. He also how the right of Veto. Next was the Intendant. He was the administrator of justice, of the police, and of the finances. And lastly, the Bishop was chosen by the pope, and had all the power over charities, hospitals and education.
-
In 1665, Jean Talon became intendant. He put in place ways to increase the population, vary economic activities and vary agricultural. For the population, he offered land to soldiers who finished their time in the army, invited the 36 months (men without jobs) and les Filles du Roy.
-
In 1682, Lasalle sailed up the Missippi, into the Gulf of Mexico and claimed all the land in the name of the king of France.
-
Ends with the Treaty of Ryswick.
-
Ends with the Treaty of Utrecht.
-
Ends with the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle.
-
(1756-1763). It envolved the super power countries, but we are focusing on the war between the British and the French in North America.Because the British had failed with their other plans to take the land, they planned a sea attack. They took Louisbourg to start, then sailed down the river to attack Quebec. They faught at the Plains of Abraham, and after approximately 15 minutes, the British conquered the land. Both Wolfe and Montcalm (english and french generals) died following the victory.
-
The population of New France no longer feel like French immigrants. They feel like Canadians.
-
The French militia could return home, the normal French military can return home, the Bishop left, and everyone who stayed would become British citizens. The war was still happening in Europe, but in the meantime, the British had taken over New France. These are the rules that the French would have to follow under British ruling.
-
Marks the end of the Seven Years war. New France now belongs to Britain and Ile St. Pierre and Miquelon belong to France.
-
New France is now called the Province of Quebec. Its land decreases, they put in place a civilian Government to run the new colony, all French laws are replaced by English ones, unused land is divided by the Township System, the bishop isn't replaced and roman catholics cannot have high ranking roles in society.
-
(Governor of Quebec) James Murray saw that the Royal Proclamation was unreasonable considering that 99% of the population was French Canadian. To make the rest of the French Roman Catholics content, he bent the rules. He allowed a new Bishop. He allowed French laws in the lower courts. He did not call an elected assembly because it would favor the English Merchants.
-
The English Merchants were unhappy with the way that James Murray was favoring the French Canadians, so they complained to the king of England who replaced him with Guy Carleton in 1766, who thought and acted the same way as Murray.
-
The habitants of the 13 colonies were upset for several reasons, mainly problems regarding high tax amounts and no rights. They desperately wanted independance, so they revolted. They wanted nothing to do with Britain, their mother country, so they faught, and suceeded.
-
The purpose of the Quebec Act was to satisfy the French so that they wouldnt revolt. They gave them: a larger territory, they denied an elected assembly (because it favored the English), appointed council (17 min.) brought tithe and seigneurial system back, put the French civil laws back in motion and the only way you could hold office was to swear to the king of england that you are loyal.
-
The Americans want independence from Britain.
-
Marks the end of the American Revolution and gives indenpendence to the 13 colonies.
-
The Constitutional Act was the 3rd act of the Province of Quebec. The Loyalists wanted to have an assembly, but if they only made one, the French would be the majority. Therefore, the English wouldn’t get what they wanted. So, they split Quebec into Upper and Lower Canada. Each Canada had their own assembly, government, and in Lower Canada, French laws were reinstated whereas in Upper Canada, everything was English. There was one governor who ruled both in the name of the king of Britain.
-
James Watt invented steam power in 1802. This infuenced the timber industry, because people no longer needed wood for the construction of boats. The first steamboat was constructed in 1814, and in 1819, the first one crossed the Atlantic.
-
Timber/wheat replace the fur trade. It is in high demand in Britain.
-
Americans attack the Canadas, which are under British rule. It is a stalemate.
-
The Irish potato crop was destroyed by a blight. Irish people moved to Canada in search for food and a new place to live.
-
Papineau wrote 92 resolutions that he sent to Great Britain asking for many things, such as a responsible government. The response came in 1837 with the 10 resolutions. The 10 resolutions rejected all of the demands, and didnt make the Canadians happy at all.
-
The first Canadian railway was completed in 1836.
-
In Lower and Upper Canada. Because of the rejection of the 92 Resolutions.
-
Lord Durham suggests that both Canadas join together, where both each, Canadians and English, have 42 members in the assembly.
-
Lord Elgin is the first to not use his veto power, and allowed the Prime Minister to hold executive powers.
