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Was the first person to arrive in Canada's east coast.
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The first European contact was about 500 years ago.
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Magellan Starts his tour of the world in 1519 and finishes in 1522. He ended up prooving the world was round!!!
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Jaques Cartier's first trip. He explored and mapped the Gulf of St-Lawrence, reported what he thought was gold but lots of fish, timber, and furs.
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On his second trip Jaques, sailed up the St-Lawrence, reached Stadacona (Quebec). Nice natives showed Europeans how to survive winter and scurvy. They return with native captives (incl. Chief Donacona)
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Jaques attemped to set up a colony... Did not suceed
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The king first sent a voyage in 1605 to establish a settlement in Nova Scotia called Port Royal.
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He returns to establish the trading post. The trading post that Champlain established grew into a colony that would be called NEW FRANCE.
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Establishes Trois-Rivieres
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He discovers the island of Montreal
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In 1661, Louis the 14th was given power/ ruler of france
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The first ever governmental system established in 1663.
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The First Intercolonial War→Ends with the Treaty of Ryswick 1697
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The First Intercolonial War (French and English)→Ends with the Treaty of Ryswick in 1697
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The Second Intercolonial War (French and English)→Ends with the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713
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The Third Intercolonial War (French and Enlish)→Ends with the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle in 1748
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Also Known As... The 7 year war. Battle on the Plains of Abraham (1759)→ Wolf (Eng.) vs. Montcalm (Fr.). English win and Quebec falls,
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Battle on the Plains of Abraham → Wolf (Eng.) vs. Montcalm (Fr.) both Generals die, English win, Quebec falls, any remaining French troops retreat to Montreal,
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- The French Militia could return home, no one would lose their property2. The French Regular military would lay down their arms and leave.3. The people could practice the R.C. religion, but the Bishop would have to leave. 4. The people who stayed would become British Subjects.
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7 year war ends. (This treaty ends the war). All the Territory known as New France is given to the King of England except two small Islands, (St.Pierre, Miquelon)
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The Royal Proc. Had a goal to control and assimilate the French in Quebec. Put in place a civilian Government to run the new Colony:
The King appointed a Governor who then appointed members of an Executive Council to advise him. -
Guy Carlton adoptes the Quebec Act to make the french happy. It enlarges the Quebec territory, appointed council, french civil laws applied, tithe and seigniorial system and test Oath of Allegiance (swear to king you’re loyal, and could hold office)
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Americans had asked the Canadiens to join in their cause against the British but because of all the assurances they received in the Quebec Act they said NO. As a reaction to that the Americans attacked the Province of Quebec several times. --> British Win
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This treaty ends the Americain War. The British then accepted the United States as an independent country. All the territory south of the Great Lakes was now apart of the USA.
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It is the 3rd constitution, divides territory in lower-Canada and higher-Canada This new constitution brought a change in Government• King (VETO POWER)• British Parliament• Governor General-appointed by parliament, commanded forces, in charge of administration, called assemblies into session. Held veto power which meant he could turn down laws.
This is known as the Representative Government -
Results of the war
-Boosts the Canadian economy (Britain needed trade)-Loyalists and Canadians felt safe under British-People still feared American Expansion -
The leader of the Patriotes was Louis Joseph Papineau in 1834 wrote 92 Resolutions (a list of the assemblies demands) their main demand was for Responsible Government (current is representative).
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1840 Act of Union (the 4th constitution) was baisically adopted by Lord Durham to not get another rebellion. 1. Creates the Prov. of Canada consisting of Canada East and West (former upper and lower Canada).2. Canada east and west each had 42 members to its assembly3. Governor still had control and veto power4. Canada east and west would equally pay for Canada’s debts (Cdn West owed 10X).
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Canada creates their own currency in 1853
