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-iroquois
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-algonquins
~ -
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- Long house
- Sedentary
- Agriculture
- Fertile lands
- Matrilineal
- Tribes
- Stone tools
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- Teepees
- Patrilineal
- Nomad
- Hunting
- Foraging
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invention of the musket in the 16th century
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jaques cartier's first voyage
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jaques cartie's 3rd and final voyage
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establishment in nova scotia called port royal
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reouved merchentilism
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- preists in charge of parishes
- preists work as missionairy's
- nuns work in hopitals and schools
- some priests were trained in a seminary
- money used to make it happen are from the church tax
- religion was the center of most lives
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sovreign counsile
governer: comander of the army, external affairs
bishop: hospitals, schools, and chariteis
intendent: resposible for civil administration, taxes, budget, roads, justice -
intendent who was sent to encourage settlement and wanted anybody to come over to NF
used different ways:
- payments to couples who married young
- filles du roi (orphan girls)
- fathers of unmarried girl payed tax
- soldiers were offered land after their service -
first intercolonial war - 1697 - end treaty of ryswick
second Intercolonial war - 1713 - emds treaty of utrecht
third Intercolonial war - 1748- ends treaty of aix-la-chapelle -
fourth Intercolonial war
1756-1763
more complicated than the first three and requieres to be looked into
~70, 000 catholics
~1,500,000 protestants
battle of the plains of abraham (1759) -
end of the seven year war
1. french malitia were to return home
2. french trained military were to return to france
3. bishop must return to france but the R.C. could be practiced
4. people who stayed became british subjects -
- settlers lived happy lives that were full of work: carring for crops, making clothes, fixing tools, and preparing for winter
- because of the lack of development the settlers became more and more self dependent
- after the british conquest the govenor, the seigneurs and the censitairs sayed
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the people of NF are being called canadians and the 13 coloies americans
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took place in paris
ended the 7 year war officially
all territory of new france belongs to the king except two small islands
ended the war between england and france -
the first governor
claimed the royal prclomation was unworkable
- allowed a new bishop
- french civil laws
- didn't call an elected assembly
english merchants were unhappy with the new ruleing -
1) colony has a new name (provence of quebec)
2) decrease borders around the st lawrence valley
3) civillian government king->govenor-> executive counsil
4) english criminal & civil laws
5) unused land is devided int townships
6) no bishop would be allowed
7) not R.C. could hold office (test act)
goal to assimilate and cntrol the french
majority of the british there were rich merchants -
lower canada (french)
- catholic religion
- french civil laws
- people can work in admin
upper canada (english)
- protestants
- township system
- english civil laws -
~king
~british parlement
~govenor- apointed by parlement, cammands forces, in charge of admin, called assemblies, veto power
~lieutenant govenor- deputy govenor
~executive council- apointed by govenor to advise him
~legislative counsil- appointed, aprouve or deny laws
~legilative assembly- elected every 4 years coul aprouve or disapprove taxes and could creat laws.
~ ordinary people- had say in governent -
~legislative assembly had power to make laws but govenors veto power made it obsolete
~wealthy govenors wanted to invest in business were as the legislative assebly wante to tax goods -
TRADE:
~ due to the war with napoleon the british requre more lumber and import from canada making lumber the main export
~ canada also proveids food for armies
AGRICULTURE
~ new methods were brough with the waves of immigrants
TRANSPORTATION
~steam power was invented by james watt
~rail way was built to move good through canada
POPULATION
~the # of immigrants raised bolth upper and lower canada to the point where upper canada surpassed lower canada -
~british were upset over the loss of the colonies to the south
~while britn was at war with napoleon they americans took advantage and attacked canada
~they attempted a badly planned and exicuted plan to take over canada burning down the town of york
~french canadian militia and british troops counter attacked by infact burning down the white house
result
~fight ends with a draw
~boosts canadian aconomy
~loyalists and candians feel safe under british regeime
~feer of expanding america remains -
~the realisation of the lack of power by lower canada caused tention to grom between canada and britan
~with the rising amounts of problems the leader of the patriots sent 92 resolutions to london asking for more power and the ability to control their own country they were answered with 10 resolutions that had nothing to do with their cause this resulted in the breack out of a rebelion
~the end result of the rebelions were 12 patriots hanged and 58 exiled to australia -
lord durham was sent to cnaada to asses what should be done to the colonies
~britan should increase immigration
~two canadas should be united
~resposible government should be granted
result:
1840 act of union
~combines bolth canadas
~government had veto power
~bolth canadas pay for eachothers debts
~42 members to the assembly