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the last major conflict before the French Revolution to involve all the great powers of Europe.
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Was a period of brutal conflict in the French colony leading to elimination of slavery and the establishment of Haiti as the first republic of African ancestry.
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was an armed conflict between the people of Mexico and the Spanish colonial authorities which started on 16 September 1810.
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On 7 September 1822, Pedro declared the independence of Brazil and, after waging a successful war against his father's kingdom, was acclaimed on 12 October as Pedro I, the first Emperor of Brazil
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The Battle of Ayacucho was a decisive military encounter during the Peruvian War of Independence. It was the battle that sealed the independence of Peru
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the Battle of Navarino was a turning point in the Greek War of Independence. After several years of fighting,
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conflict between the United States and Mexico from 1846 to 1848 in the wake of the 1845 U.S. annexation of Texas, which Mexico considered part of its territory despite the 1836 Texas Revolution texas revolution.
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In July 1853 Russia occupied territories in the Crimea that had previously been controlled by Turkey.war between Russia on the one hand and the Ottoman Empire, Great Britain, France, and Sardinia
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On November 6, 1860 Abraham Lincoln was elected President of the United States -- an event that outraged southern states. The Republican party had run on an anti-slavery platform, and many southerners felt that there was no longer a place for them in the Union. On December 20, 1860, South Carolina seceded.
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the political and social movement that agglomerated different states of the Italian peninsula into the single state of Italy in the 19th century.
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June 15–Aug. 23, 1866, between Prussia, allied with Italy, and Austria, seconded by Bavaria, Württemberg, Saxony, Hanover, Baden, and several smaller German states. It was deliberately provoked by Bismarck.
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Canada peacefully and gradually evolved as a nation, quite unlike the United States, which became a separate independent country by means of armed revolution.
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June 15–Aug. 23, 1866, between Prussia, allied with Italy, and Austria, seconded by Bavaria, Württemberg, Saxony, Hanover, Baden, and several smaller German states. It was deliberately provoked by Bismarck
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The Dreyfus affair was a political scandal that divided France in the 1890s and the early 1900s. It involved the conviction for treason in November 1894 of Captain Alfred Dreyfus, a young French artillery officer of Alsatian Jewish descent.
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Australia gained Independence on the 11th December 1931 when the British ... australian settlers mostly come from the United Kingdom.
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After the First World War, in 1919, the powers in Europe sat down to redraw the boundaries of Europe. Sinn Fein attended these meetings and attempted to have Ireland included in this redrawing. They argued that Ireland should be granted independence through the treaty. However the leaders in Europe largely ignored Sinn Fein and they returned home again empty- handed
