-
Period: to
Mexican Independence
-
Planning the Independence
Miguel Hidalgo along with Josefa Ortiz de Dominguez (la Corregidora), Ignacio Allende, Aldama and others; they created a "literary" group at first. This group later formed la conspiración de Querétaro in which they would meet secretely to plan out a strategic plan in order to revolt against the Spanish once and for all. They were later caught and decided to move the date of the Independence day before they were all arrested and killed. -
Hidalgo's date for arrest
Soon after the "lierary group" was caught for trying to revolt against the Spanish, the leaders of this group, such as Miguel Hidalgo, were to be arrested for going behind the governemnts back and making the move for Independence. The gachupines were the ones who were going to arrest Hidalgo but when Josefa Ortiz found out, she alerted Allende so he could warn Hidalgo. The priest was able to run away for a while until the war begun. -
Independence Day
The day Miguel Hidalgo and his companions took action against the Spanish. It all began with the "Grito de Hidalgo" which conmovated mestizos and criollos amongst others to revolt. -
The Siege of Guanajuato
Miguel Hidalgo lead a group of Mexicans armed towards the city of Guanajuato. The angry mob was made up of Indians and Peasants and later miners and workers from Guanajuato also joined in. They were going to Guanjuato to fight against the Spaniards. When they arrived there they fought against the Spaniards and evetually won becasue they only had 400 defenders. -
The Battle of Monte de las Cruces
This battle was between Trujillo and his army and Hidalgo and his army where they fought in in the Sierra de las Cruces mountains. They fought in order to be able to get to Mexico city their destined place. The ware had 3 phases because of the 3 offensives. The first 2 were not sucessful but by the 3 they finally achieved the royolists to surrender and won the war. -
The Battle of Calderon Bridge
Calleja had planned an attack on Hidalgo´s and Allende´s army in the Calderon Bridge. Calleja and his army waited on the bridge and in January 17 the battle started. The battle ended when a Spanish cannonball ignited a rebel munitions wagon and created a great explosion causing them to scatter. -
Hidalgo's Execution
Miguel Hidalgo the father who conspired against the Spanish was discovered and wanted by Spanish men. The Viceroy sent soldiers after him because he was found guilty for treason. Hidalgo was found in Coahuila heading north. The Spanish captured Hidalgo and brought him to Chihuahua. On this date Father Hidalgo met his fate by multiple gunshots. His head was then cut off and placed on a stick for everyone to see. The death motivated the people and gave them another reason to fight the Spanish. -
Morelo's Death at Ecatepec
Jose Maria Morelos, after the death of Miguel hidalgo and Allende, assumed the position of leader in the independence. He had great power and the best war techniques. On November 5, Morelos was followed by Spanish men and captured after being defeated at a last stand. On November 15, Morelos wrote a goodbye letter for his son Juan explaining he should not mourn for he died for his country. Morelos was taken to Mexico city were he was tried. The 22 of November, was the day he was executed. -
Iturbide and the Plan de Iguala
The Insurgent General Vicente Guerrero and the Realist General Agustín de Iturbide join forces to defeat the Spanish and complete the independence movement. Together they created the “Ejercito Trigarante “ which had a lot of potential and a lot of power. On this date February 24, 1821 Iturbide announced the “Plan de Iguala”. This plan stated that Mexico could be independent but ruled by a Royal (European) as its emperor. Most importantly this plan consisted of Religion, independence and union. -
Triumphant Ending
After 11 years of war, finally mexicans were granted their Independence from the Spanish crown. Although it was a rough time after war since the economy, amongst other things, was brought down. Mexico had a rough start. Agustin Iturbide was named president of the provisional governing body, he was later crowned emperor.
