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Querétaro Conspiracy
Initiation. Sponsored by Josefina Ortíz de Domínguez, La Corregidora, Hidalgo, Allende, and other leaders plan to obtain Mexican independence from Spain. -
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Initiation
The first phase of the fight for Mexican Independence. Starts at the Conspiracy of Querétaro and ends with the defeat and execution of Miguel Hidalgo, the first leader of the Independence movement. -
Conspiracy discovered
Initiation. The Government is informed of the Conspiracy by its contacts, and places orders for the arrest of everyone involved. Hidalgo, Allende, and Aldama recognize they must rise in arms now before they are captured. -
Grito de Dolores
Initiation. The priest of the town of Dolores, Miguel Hidalgo, calls the people early with the bells. He then calls for them to rise in arms against the government, securing their own rights, and obtaining independence for Mexico. -
Battle of Guanajuato
Initiation. Hidalgo's army arrives in Guanajuato and attacks the town. Fighting is concentrated around the Alhóndiga de Granaditas, which is only breached when El Pípila sets fire to the door of the building. Guanajuato is then looted by Hidalgo's largely peasant army. -
Battle of Monte de las Cruces
Initiation. Hidalgo's army wins a decisive victory over the Spanish army, led by Commander Trujillo, and reaches its furthest size and power. Hidalgo decides to not attack Mexico City. -
Battle of Calderón Bridge
Initiation. Hidalgo's army is decisively defeated in this battle. Calleja's forces manage to set the ammunition baggage on fire and it explodes, making Hidalgo's army rout. Hidalgo retreats to the north, trying to escape from the victorious Spaniards. -
Execution of Hidalgo
Initiation. Hidalgo is deprived of priesthood and then executed by firing squad in Chihuahua. -
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Resistance
Resistance led by Morelos, Guerrero, Victoria and others. Period begins from after Hidalgo is defeated until the Plan of Iguala is presented, making Iturbide the leader of the Independence movement. -
Execution of Morelos
Resistance. As Hidalgo was a few years before him, Morelos is deprived of priesthood, taken, and executed by firing squad. Earlier, Morelos's army was defeated at the Battle of Tezmalaca, after which he was captured in November 1815. -
Plan de Iguala
Consolidation. Iturbide and Guerrero meet and promulgate the Plan de Iguala, which sets about to achieve Mexico's independence while offering three distinct guarantees. The army of Iturbide thus came to be known as the Army of the Three Guarantees. -
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Consolidation
The Army of the Three Guarantees, the most powerful army in Mexico, offers battle to the remaining Royalist forces and defeats them. This causes Juan O'Donojú to accept the Treaty of Córdoba. -
Treaty of Córdoba
Juan O'Donojú and Iturbide sign this treaty that recognizes the victory of the Mexican independence movement. -
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Consummation
Mexican independence is obtained. The victorious Army of the Three Guarantees marches triumphantly on Mexico City, with an official declaration of independence being issued by the new Mexican government on the 27th of September. -
Consummation of Independence
Consummation. Mexican Declaration of Independence promulgated. Will not be recognized by Spain until the 1830s.
