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industrial revolution beginning
In the late 18' century, the Industrial Revolution led to the most significant changes in human history since the Neolithic Revolution, when humans started to cultivate the land 10 000 years ago. -
Watt’s steam engine
Steam engines use the power from steam to generate continuos movement, which is transferred to machinery. -
INDEPENDENCE OF THE US
document that was approved by the Continental Congress on July 4, 1776, and that announced the separation of 13 North American British colonies from Great Britain. It explained why the Congress on July 2 “unanimously” by the votes of 12 colonies (with New York abstaining) had resolved that “these United Colonies are, and of right ought to be Free and Independent States.” -
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FRENCH REVOLUTION
was a period of radical political and societal change in France that began with the Estates General of 1789 and ended with the formation of the French Consulate in November 1799. -
NAPOLEON EMPIRE
was the largest, most institutionally uniform European state in modern times. Its existence preceded Napoleon Bonaparte's coronation as "emperor of the French" in 1804, and its influence on European public institutions and political culture far outlasted his fall from power in 1814/1815. -
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The War Of independence
Angered by the French occupation, a popular revolt
began in Madrid on 2 May 1808. It spread rapidly across the country and started the War of Independence. -
Period: to
Spanish-American independence
The crisis of the Ancien Régime in Spain coincided with the independence
movement of the American colonies. Uprisings were organised by the criollo
bourgeoisie (people of Spanish descent born in the Americas) who saw
Spain as an obstacle to the development of their economy. -
Period: to
Luddism
started in England in the early 19th century. It consisted of the violent destruction of machinery in the belief that it was responsible for low wages and unemployment. -
Constitution of Cadiz
Established national sovereignty, the separation of powers, universal male suffrage and recognised broad individual freedoms. -
Stephenson Locomotive
Locomotive was created by George Stephenson -
Period: to
Ferdinand VII
His aim was to re-estabilish an absolutist monarchy. -
CONGRESS OF VIENA
was a series of international diplomatic meetings to discuss and agree upon a possible new layout of the European political and constitutional order after the downfall of the French Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte. -
1820 REVOLUTION
The revolutions of 1820 were the first challenge to the conservative order of Europe established after the fall of Napoleon I in 1815. Though most ended in failure, they demonstrated the rising strength of the liberal-nationalist movement that would eventually sweep away the conservative order. -
First trade unions
To avoid competition from Britain and to foster the growth of their own industries, European countries and the United States applied protectionist measures. -
1830 REVOLUTION
The movement started in France, prompted by Charles X’s publication on July 26 of four ordinances dissolving the Chamber of Deputies, suspending freedom of the press, modifying the electoral laws so that three-fourths of the electorate lost their votes, and calling for new elections to the Chamber in September. -
Period: to
Isabela II
The building id the liberal state began un Spain when Isabella II was a child.It was institutionalised during the Moderate Decade and experienced a crisis that began in 1856 -
ITALIAN UNIFICATION
was the 19th-century political and social movement that resulted in the consolidation of different states of the Italian Peninsula into a single state in 1861, the Kingdom of Italy. -
communist manifesto
It is a proclamation commissioned by the League of Communists to Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in 1847. -
1848 REVOLUTION
The revolutionary movement began in Italy with a local revolution in Sicily in January 1848, and, after the revolution of February 24 in France, the movement extended throughout the whole of Europe, with the exception of Russia, Spain, and the Scandinavian countries. -
First international
was created in 1864,Marxists, anarchists and trade unions joined, but the ideological differences between them made it unworkable and it
split in 1876. -
Period: to
German unification
into the German Empire, a Prussian-dominated nation state with federal features,[1] officially occurred on January 18, 1871, at the Palace of Versailles in France. Princes of most of the German-speaking states gathered there to proclaim King Wilhelm I of Prussia as German Emperor during the Franco-Prussian War. -
Period: to
I republic
The Republic came from where we
least expected it. As we open the
Congress session on 10 February
1873, resistance has already been
conquered. The king has abdicated,
one assembly has been formed and
the republic has been accepted
almost without debate. -
Period: to
The bourbon restoration
The restoration of the Bourbon monarchy began in December 1874, when General Martinez Campos proclaimed Isabella Il's son, Alfonso XII,king of Spain. -
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Balkan Wars
two conflicts that tomó place in the balkan states -
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first world war
ay the beginning of the 20th century,economic,colonial and national rivarly led to increased tension between European states.An ares race began that eventually led to the outbreak of the first world war -
February revolution
in the Russian empire,marked the first of the russian revolution of 1917.It caused the abdication Tsar Nicholas II,ended the russian monarchy and led to the formation of a provisional government -
October revolution
it was the second phase of the Russian Revolution -
treaty of brest-litovsk
it was a treate of peace in a city of Russia at the germany empire. -
treaty of versailles
it was a peace treaty that was signed in that city at the end of world war I by more than fifty countries.This treaty ended what would be “the last war”,it tried to limit future military adventures by Germany -
League of nations
was an international organization created by the Treaty of Versailles on June 28, 1919. It was intended to establish the foundations for peace and the reorganization of international relations once the First World War ended. -
Bloody Sunday
when british sol diera shot 26 unarmed civilians during a protest march in the bogside área of derry -
Period: to
SECOND WORLD WAR
The origins of the SWW can be found in the world order created after the FWW. The treaty of Versailles caused feelings of humiliation and resentment among the Germans and Italians,who refused to accept the restrictions imposed. -
OPERATION BARBAROSSA
It was a invasion of the Soviet Union by the Nazi Germany. -
THE ATTACK ON PEARL HARBOR
It was a surprise military offensive by the Imperial Japanese Navy against the United States naval base. -
UNITED NATIONS
is an intergovernmental organization whose purpose is to maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and be a centre for harmonizing the actions of nations.[2] It is the world's largest and most familiar international organization. -
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ATOMIC BOMB ON HIROSHIMA AND NAGASAKI
The United States detonated two atomic bombs over the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki on 6 and 9 August 1945, respectively. The two bombings killed between 129,000 and 226,000 people, most of whom were civilians, and remain the only use of nuclear weapons in armed conflict. -
UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS
Is an international document adopted by the United Nations General Assembly that enshrines the rights and freedoms of all human beings.