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In 1917, Canada introduced the Military service act to make conscription compulsory. However, while the volunteering rate is high, it was the lowest in Quebec. Many French Canadians were farmers and were needed at home. They saw the military act as a act that threatens them to fight at a distance land that they have or feel no connection to. This stressed the relationship between the French-Canadians and anglophones.
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The Union Nationale party was created by Maurice Duplesiss. It is a party that supported Quebec Nationalism, a movement about the protection and development of the Quebec culture. As the CFF and social credit movement gained support in Western Canada, the Union Nationale gained support in Quebec.
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Bribery and corruption became the core of Duplesiss's regime. One of the worst case was Duplesiss's orphanage. It was a orphanage house for thousands of orphans, but they were sent to the mental asylum because the house's finance was falsely certified.
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Prime minister Mackenzie King promised to have no conscription. However, the speed that Germany was occupying Europe made it seems that thousands of more soldier would be needed to push Germany back.
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Around the late 1960s, Parti Quebecois and Bloc Quebecois had political movements to separate Quebec from Canada.
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The government began modernizing the economy, politics, education and culture of Quebec. It took control of social services and education systems. New attitudes began to take hold, and the catholic church's power declined.
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In 1963, a national liberation movement in Quebec was founded. It's goal was to achieve Quebec independence resorting to terrorism, if necessary.
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The Bilingualism and Biculturalism commission brought change into the federal and provincial language policy. It was later established under the Prime Minister Lester B. Pearson.
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After a debate in throughout 1963-1964, the debate ended and resulted in the adoption of the "Maple Leaf Flag".
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Pierre Trudeau became the party leader for the Liberals in April 4th, 1968 and was elected the Prime Minister two weeks later.
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The Act that states that French and English are both in equal status in the government of Canada
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The war measure act was only used during wartime. This act suspended Canadians' civil rights, anyone can be arrested and detained.
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The October crisis began with the kidnapping of James Cross, the British Trade Commissioner in Montreal, by the members of the Front de Liberation de Quebec.
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The first provincial legislation in Quebec aimed for protecting the French culture. Made French the official language of Quebec.
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Canada's immigration policies changed. Instead of refusing entry to specific groups of people, it changed to refusing individuals that can cause problems to the country.
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"Charter of French Language". Designed to strengthen the position of French Language in Quebec.
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The policy encouraged different ethnic groups within the country to express their cultures.
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Parti Quebecois wins provincial election on Quebec
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Bill 101 passed.
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The first referendum in Quebec.
It was called by the Parti Quebecois.
It was to pursue the sovereignty in Quebec.
The proposal to pursue secession, was defeated. -
In 1982, Canada transferred the country's highest law, into Canada's federal and provincial legislatures.
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Constitution Act in 1982 enshrined the Charter of Rights and Freedoms in the Constitution.
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Brian Mulroney became Canada's 18th Prime Minister. He brought upon Canada major economic reforms.
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The bloc Quebecois, a political party that served to separate and give Quebec sovereignty, was formed in 1987.
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Meech Lake Accord 1987 was the proposed amendments to the Constitution of Canada. It was to persuade the government of Quebec to endorse the 1982 constitutional amendments. It was negotiated by Brian Mulroney.
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The Reform Party of Canada was a political party that was created in 1987. It was a founded as a Western-Canada protest movement. It became the largest party after the 1993 election.
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The Canadian Multiculturalism Act was a law that was passed in 1988. It served to preserve multiculturalism in Canada.
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Brian Mulroney tried to win Quebec's consent to the revised Canadian Constitution.
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The Charlottetown Accord was a failed, joint attempt by the government of Mulroney and the 10 premiers to amend the Canadian amendments.
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In 1994, Parti Quebecois returned to power under Parizeau. This gave them 77 seats and 44% of the vote. Parizeau held another Quebec referendum in 1995.
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After his party won the election in 1995, Parizeau held a second referendum for Quebec's sovereignty. They lost again, but this time by a close margin of 49.42%.
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In 1998, the Clarity bill, is the legislation passed by Canadian parliament that established the condition under which the government would enter negotiation that may lead to secession.
