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WWI Conscription crisis
WWI Conscription By the middle of the war French Canadians felt they had done enough in the European theatre and opposed sending more troops to the front. -
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Period: to
The Duplesiss Era
Duplesiss Era Duplessis was known for supporting the Catholic Church and cotholic education. Resulting in Quebec schools graduating many teachers, philosophers and theologians but not businessmen, entrepreneurs, etc. As a result, Quebec's economy becomes stagnant.
A dark period of time where Quebec -
WWII Conscription Crisis
Conscription By 1942 reserves were startlingly low and Hitler had control over all of Europe, raising the need for conscription. -
Quiet Revolution Begins 1960
quiet revolutionJohn Lesage replaces Duplessis after his death and starts modernizing education, politics and culture. It was deemed quiet because there was no bloodshed. Lesage actually won the election under the motto "Maitre chez nous" - meaning masters of our own house. -
1960s Separatist Movement
seperatist movementSee FLQ Front de Liberation du Quebec -
1962 Maitre Chez Nous (Jean Lesage, Liberal Party Campaign slogan)
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Front de liberation du Quebec FLQ party is formed
Extreme seperatist organization -
Bi& Bi Commission (Royal Commission on Bilingualism and Biculturalism) investigation by Lester B. Pearson
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Canada’s New Flag 1965
Under the Pearson gov't, it was decided ot have a flag without British symbols on it. It also acted as a means to unify the country. See designs on p. 215 of Counterpoints -
Canada’s Immigration Policy becomes “Colour Blind”
Prior to this the immigration policy was restrictive, giving preference to English speaking (Br or US) applicants. Now the policy was based on the Points System where applicants were scored. Jobs in need in Canada were given higher points that jobs in less demand. -
Trudeau Becomes Prime Minister
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Official Languages Act passed, 1969
This is a product of the research and fact-finding mission if the Bi and Bi commision aka the Royal commision on Biliguialism and Biculturalism which discovered that French Canadians alienation from the rest of Canada was growing and problematic. The commision reccomended biligualism in an attempt to unify the country. -
the War Measures Act 1970
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FLQ Crisis aka October Crisis,
After growing separatist sentiments, the FLQ stepped up their act s of agression by kidnapping the British Diplomat, James Cross. The FLQ eished the release of their FLQ prisoners before releasing Cross. FLQ later kidnaps Pierre La Porte. Trudeau enact WMA but La Porte's strangled body is found in trunk of car. -
Policy of Multiculturalism 1971
Multiculturalism encouraged people to express their cultures, and in doing so, would de-emphasize the French as the only cultural group in Canada. -
1974 Bill 22 introduced by Robert Bourassa
This made French the only language of Quebec. (Not biligual like the rest of Canada). Rationale: declining birth rates saw the slow death of Fr. Canadians. -
1976 Immigration policy moves to ‘sponsorship program’
families and businesses could "vouch for" ar sponsor a new immigrant, meaning they would take responsibility for this new persons set up in Canada. -
1976 Bill 101 introduced by Parti Quebecois, Rene Levesque
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1976 Parti Quebecois wins provincial election on Quebec
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Bill 101 passed
Aka: charter of the french language. This made French the only language of quebec. But many french Canadians felt Bill 101 was a symbol of supression as it discouraged their movement outside their ability to conduct business with English Canada. -
Referendum on Sovereignty Association
René Levesque asked people of Quebec to vote 'yes' to negotiating a new agreement eith Canada based on Sovreignety-association. He proposed that quebec become politically independant, yet maintain a close economic relationship with Canada. Results: 40% voted yes, 60%voted no -
Patriation of the Constitution.
Background: BNA Act in Britain and Trudea wanted tp have the Charter of Rights and Freedoms added to it and bring it home. First he needed to come up with an Amending Formula in there were any changes to be made. Unfortunately the Premier could not agree on that formula. They stumbled out a Kitchen Compormise. -
Constitution Act
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Brian Mulroney becomes Prime Minister
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Bloc Quebecois Formed
Lucien Bouchard resigns from Mulroney's cabinet and forms the Bloc Quebecois. -
Meech Lake Accord
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Reform Party Created
PM Brian Mulroney wanted Quebec's signature on the Constitution with "honour and enthusiasm". Reform party is born out of feeling of western aleination, senate reform, French-English rift, Aboriginal Self Gov't. -
Deptartment of Multiculturalism formed
Belief in the Canadian "Mosaic" the USA's "Melting Pot". Discouraged assimilation but encouraged expressing your culture. -
Meech Lake Accord
PM Mulroney calls a conference at Meech Lake proposing constitutional comendments. Puropse? Recognize Quebec as a Distinct Society, give more power to the provinces. Meech lake Accord became know as the Quebec Round in the media. When Meech failed, Fr-Can felt Eng-Can was rejecting them. -
Charlottetown Accord
PM Mulroney continued the constitution debates. Charlottetown Accord proposed: reforming the senate, Aboriginal self gov't, universal health care, workers rights, enviro'l protection. Called it the Canada ROund b/c there was something for every province. 54.5% of Canadians rejected Charlottetown because there were too many clauses. Que. felt their issues were not adressed. -
Parti Quebecois returned to power
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2nd Referendum on Sovereignty Association
Quebec is angered by constitution ddebates and re-elect Part Quebecois leader Jacques Parizeau. He calls a referendum of full sovereignety. 49.4% Quebecois vote yes, 50.6% vote no. PM Chretien sent the issue of Quebec separation to the Supreme court (1998). Courts ruled thar Que. d/n have to negotiate w/ nine other provinces. -
Clarity Bill and the Supreme Court decision
Clarity Bill followed up.
