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Free trade began
-Britain announced that they were putting a end to the trade preferences. There would be free trade.
-Britain would allow goods from any country without tax -
Little englanders emerged
-a small group emerged from the shadows called the little englanders. They believed the colonies were a burden on Britain. They said it was time the colonies pay there own way.
-John bright expressed his views in his British parliment speech.
-Many people agreed with the little englanders making this a big push -
James Douglas
James Douglas became the governor of the new colony of British Colombia -
Drunk in Canada West
-drunkeness became a big problem in Canada west
-in Toronto there were 152 taverns and 206 ever shops. Often lead to violence and crime
-riots and street fights are common, people are hurt or even killed and property is damaged -
Resiprocity
-British North American colonies signed a reciprocity agreement with the U.S. A agreement to allow trade with certain goods between countries without taxes.
-Canada sent fish, grain, timber and cattle to the U.S and they sent coal and pork. This did not include manufactured goods.
-This was for a ten year period and after that anyone could break it. -
The capital is chosen
-Canada had to choose a capital and they could not decide between Kingston, Québec city, Montréal, and Toronto.
-The queen decided on Ottawa
-Her reasons were:
-Ottawa is far from the U.S border and could be protected in a attack
-It has a good water transportation route for moving troops in case of war with the U.S
-Ottawa is right in between Canada East and Canada West and so might satisfy both parts of the province -
British Colombia becomes a colony
After a the discovery of gold and the arrival of thousands of gold seekers, British Colombia became a colony -
Vancouver island
Vancouver is made into a British crown colony -
Grand trunk railroad
The grand trunk railway had stretched from Sarnia to riviére du loup and a good way to pay off the dept would be to join the confederation -
Civil war
- There was a civil war in America and Britain seemed to side with the southern states.
- The south was a good producer of cotton and British textile factories depended on supply of cotton. -Britains support of the southern states did not make Britain popular with the northern states.
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The Charlottetown Conference
-The Charlottetown conference was being held to try to convinced the maritimes colonies to unite as one.
-Canada East, Canada West, P.E.I, and New Brunswick attended while New Foundland did not. -
Civil war ended
-The civil war had ended and the Northern states won!
-Now Canadians worried of Manifest Destiny. They feared the Americans would get revenge and try to take over. -
The Quebec conference
-Since the Charlottetown Conference went so well they decided to hold another conference discussing the confederation of all colonies called the Seventy-Two resolutions.
-All the colonies went including New Foundland who did not attend the Charlottetown Conference -
London conference
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Vancouver Island and British Colombia
Vancouver and British Colombia joined together and became the colony of British colombia -
Telegraph cable
-A telegraph cable was hauled ashore at Hearts Content, New Foundland.
-This cable lies on the floor of the Atlantic ocean. -
British North america act
- the British North American act is introduced in the British parliament
- the act was build on the 72 resolution worked out at the Quebec confederation
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Manitoba act
-the Manitoba act created the province of Manitoba on July 51th 1870
-the Canadian government had originally wanted to leave the region a territory
-as a province Manitoba would have better representation in Ottawa and much more power over its own affairs
- Macdonald had paid attention to the Metis bill of rights -
British Columbia joins confederation
-to far from Britain
-to weak to be on its own
-the colony could join United states
-miners came from the United states
-only 104 of 10,000 people in the colony signed to join United states
-British Columbia could join the Canadian confederation
- the British government favoured the idea of the British joining Canada and so did many other people -
P.E.I. Joins confederation
-in 1867 P.E.I. turned confederation down flat
-the islanders had decided to build their own railroads along the length of the island
-but the rail roads caused all sorts of problems .
-each little town wanted to make certain that it had a track linkup with the main line
- when the island government tried to borrow money -
North west territories
-ruperts lamd and red river settlement were governed by the Hudson bay company
-over 150 years no one expected aboriginal people's and fur traders cared very much about western wilderness
-after confederation the people of Canada began dreaming of taking over the vast lands
-if the west was turned in to farms their children could settle there under the British flag
-many people felt that the Hudson bay company had held the land for too long -
Election Day in New Brunswick
-On Election Day, the anti-confederants won. It was a dark day for those who dreamed of a great United country.
- Without New Brunswick there would be no confederation . New Brunswick is the land link between Canada and the Atlantic colonies.