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Jan 1, 1215
Magna Carta
o Recognized individual freedom
o Forced the king to select an elected parliament
Helped to rule lawfully
Had to consult on anything -
James I Rules
o Called “the wisest fool in Christendom”
o Had been king of Scotland for 20 years before becoming king of England
o Tried to introduce the “Divine Rights of Kings”
Gave kings absolute power
o Made a version of the bible that is considered a great piece of literature
o Selected incompetent people as Dukes
o Allied with Church and disliked puritans
o Made a book of sports that encouraged people to play games on Sunday after Church
Puritans were against doing anything on Sunday
o Made bad law -
Petition of Right
o A complaint against the king
About the Court of Star Chamber
o He declined this as he needed the money earned from the Court
o The court went against the Magna Carta -
Charles I Recalls Parliament
o Hoped to get more money
o Parliament made him cease illegal activities and signed a charter
o When the kings favourite Duke was assassinated Charles was sad but the public was happy -
The Long Parliament
o Charles forced Scottish people to worship the Church of England
o They declined and signed a covenant to resist
o Blindly called a parliament to quell revolt
Made the situation worse
The leaders had Charles’ two helpers executed
o Parliament had a dilemma with how much power to take away from the king
o Barely past the restrictions and Charles tried to arrest the leaders to keep him power
o The leaders escaped and -
The Civil War
o Charles supporters ‘Royalist’s” against Parliament militia soldiers
o Charles had experience put Parliament had money
o Charles won many small battles but could never gain a big win
o Parliament allied with the Scots to take the Royalists down
o Put Charles on trial and executed him -
Pride's Purge & the Rump Parliament
o Puritans and Presbyterians were left in charge of parliament
o Presbyterians were fine with the return of the King if he agreed to limited powers
o Puritans wanted the Monarchy gone
o Charles tried to play both sides against one an other
o Presbyterians got pushed out of parliament
o Puritans charged the king with treason and put him on trial for his life -
Trial of Charles
• In 1649 definition was trying to overthrow king. He was on trial to overthrow himself
• While he walked on floor his head fell off the walking stick and people thought they saw evil
• He was later executed. Before he was executed he asks for his best clothes and tried not to look afraid -
Lord Protector: Cromwell
• Cromwell was and evil man who was hated by all and was a very mean person. -
The Restoration under Charles II
• Cromwell sent troops to none commonwealth believers mainly in Scotland and Ireland. Mainly because they believed in Charles the second ruling instead of Cromwell.
• Cromwell gave up on rump parliament because he wanted more power and wanted money.
• Cromwell marched his troops into the parliament and claimed it as his own, then started to divide the country into districts. They all collected taxes. He then gave each district the Calvinist blue laws which restricted Christmas sports theatre a -
Test Act
• New parliament created the test act when Charles tried to protect the Catholics (an act of which no one except for members of church or higher can hold political office or entering profession).
• Was made clear Charles did not make the rules. -
James II Rules
• Charles died and James his brother took place as king.
• The parliament were anti catholic and James was catholic so this was a problem
• A man named Titus Oates created a story of how the Catholics plotted to take the nation over
• He hired Catholics for high positions and then eventually the parliament ordered executions of rebels that tried to over throw the parliament and James’s supporters were lost. Then his daughter and her husband were invited to become king and queen and James fled -
The Glorious Revolution
• He hired Catholics for high positions and then eventually the parliament ordered executions of rebels that tried to over throw the parliament and James’s supporters were lost. Then his daughter and her husband were invited to become king and queen and James fled the country. Now the nation knew that the parliament really ruled and this is what we Canadians have today. -
Bill of Rights
• The Bill of Rights was signed by Mary and William and it confirmed that the parliament was the real government of the country. Canada’s rights are based on these and that is how our government works now.
