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The first Moroccan crisis (1905-1906)
This happened because France wanted to create a protectorate in Morocco, but Germany and Spain did not agree. In this way, Germany had the opportunity to stop the French colonial expansion and thus obtain territorial gains. -
THE TREATY IN ALGECIRAS (1906)
After the war against Morocco, the treaty signed at the Algeciras Conference in 1906 divided Morocco in two protectorates -
Mining in northern Morocco
Spain began mining in northern Morocco. Some tribes killed Spanish miners so a war with Spain started. In the Spanish government there were ordinary workers with families, who did not want to go to Morocco, as reservists. -
General strike in Barcelona
There was a strike in Barcelona to protest against the war of the unions and anarchists -
The Tragic Week of 1909.
Many convents and churches were burned due to the strike which turned into a riot. The army was sent to put down the riots but barricades were built in the streets of Barcelona. More than a hundred people were killed and five protest leaders were executed.(Jul 25, 1909 – Aug 2, 1909) -
Landing in Larache
It was a military action consisting of the occupation of the Moroccan city of Larache by a Spanish marine infantry force. -
Spanish Protectorate in Morocco
It is a transfer to Spain by the colonial administration of a strip of northern France. In the Treaty of Fez, the sutanate of Morocco came under French domination. -
First fights
The Spanish troops encountered several pockets of resistance. Before the signing of the protectorate there was a rebellion (near Melilla). A rebel focus emerged in Yebala, led by Ahmed al-Raisuni. -
First fights
Division General Manuel Fernández Silvestre was appointed to command the General Command of Melilla (leaving Ceuta), who was obsessed with the conquest of the Bay of Alhucemas. -
First fights
Almost peaceful domain of Chefchaouen. Around four hundred small forts or blockhouses (covering the road to Tetouan) were built due to the lack of troops to ensure control of the area. -
The annual campaign
After liquidating the Raisuni rebellion, the central Rif tribes rose up against the colonial troops, headed by Mohammed Abd al-Karim al-Khattabi (Abd el-Krim or Abdelkrim) -
The annual campaign
Silvestre ordered from the Annual camp to occupy the position of Monte Abarrán. This occupation lasted a few hours when the indigenous police units deserted -
Spanish reaction
Abd el-Krim's army cornered the Spanish troops taking Chauen and threatening Tetouan. A harsh counteroffensive was launched to recover part of the lost territory. (Mid-September 1921- January 11, 1922) -
Spanish reaction
Miguel Primo de Rivera rebelled against his command and his government, but with the support of the king. The objective of his dictatorship was to end the war in Africa. He consolidated the Spanish presence in Morocco through a great military victory (the landing of Alhucemas). -
French intervation
The battle of Ouarga provoked a casus belli which forced France to adopt a more belligerent posture. The offensive was stopped and they attacked the Rif people from the south because they mobilized troops, using chemical weapons. Later, French authorities signed with the Spanish the Madrid agreements on the Rif to coordinate the fight against the insurgents. -
French intervention
In 1924, France intervened in the conflict. A fierce offensive was launched with the aim of taking Fez (1925) due to the fact that the affected tribes asked for help for the loss of what was a de facto independence. -
Landing of Alhucemas
A military landing carried out in Alhucemas by the Spanish Army and Navy and a French allied contingent, which would lead to the definitive Allied victory, and the end of the Rif War. -
End of the war
Abd el-Krim requested negotiations with the allies of Spain and France. Spain and France quickly relaunched offensive operations on May 8, 1926. On May 27, 1926, Abd el-Krim surrendered to the French, who promised him and his family protection in return for freeing the prisoners and the surrender of the Rif forces. In July 1927 Spanish Morocco was officially declared pacified.