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Jan 1, 1500
European Explorers Come to North America
Explorers came from Europe to North America to claim new lands, the new land they had found was full of rich resources, and they soon decided for settlement in North America. The two european countries that figured the most of this land were the French and the British. They met the aboriginals which were there long before them. The First Nations though, had difficult relationships with the two European nations, they tended to have wars, yet were sometimes friends. -
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Seven Years War
This war began with conflicts between most of the great powers of Europe of that time, which affected many parts of the world. As a result, France, Spain, and Great Britain, soon grew overlapping interests in trade and colonial empires. By the end of the War, Britain had captured many Spanish and French colonies, along in that batch, is present day Canada, which Great Britain took after France surrendered, thus resulting in Great Britain ruling over most of North America. -
American Revolutionary War
The Americans were angry at how the British were treating them, so they revolted, resulting in the American Revolutionary War. It was originally Great Britain vs USA, but soon France, Spain, and the Netherlands joined the Americans, ending with America as the winner, gainning his independence. But Great Britain and America had a bad relationship afterwards. The land left over, was B.N.A., which is present day Canada. -
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Anglo - American War of 1812 - 1815
This was a military conflict between the British Empire and the United States. The United States also seemed to have a possible desire to annex British North America. In 1813, the Americans gained control over Lake Erie, and parts of western Ontario. However, in 1814, the British captured and burned Washington D.C., but the Americans had gotten victories in September 1814 and January 1815. In the end, any territory captured was restored by the Treaty of Ghent. -
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Reciprocity Treaty between USA and Canada (B.N.A.)
This treaty was a step towards free trade between the two countries, and they traded raw materials, while the treaty lasted. During this time, a railway line opened from Niagara to Windsor, making travel much easier. This treaty however, ended in 1865. -
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British Colonies face problems leading to Confederation
The problems they faced were:
French/English conflict in government, Britain going to a Free Trade System, and U.S. invasion threats. -
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The Charlottetown Conference
At first, the meeting was just to talk about a union of the Maritime colonies, but the politicians from New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward Island were convinced by politicians from the Province of Canada to consider a larger union. They all agreed to meet again at Quebec City in about one month's time to further discuss Confederation. -
The Quebec Conference
Canada East, Canada West, Nova Scotia, and P.E.I. leaders met to work out how the new country would be ran. P.E.I. then decided not to join the Confederation, and Newfoundland sent two observers, but didn't join the Conferderation either at the time. British Columbia did not attend the conference completely. The final desicions were called "Quebec Resolutions." -
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The London Conference
This conference took place in London, England to sum up the rough draft of the "Quebec Resolutions" to make a final decision. The leaders of New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and the Province of Canada had to do this job. They created the "British North America Act." They forwarded it to the British Parliament, once it was approved, Confederation began. -
Bill Submitted to Queen Victoria
The bill for Confederation of British North American colonies was submitted to Queen Victoria. -
Queen Victoria signs the bill
The bill for Confederation of the British North American colonies was signed by Queen Victoria. -
B.N.A. Act (Confederation of Canada)
Canada becomes a country with four provinces, Ontario, Quebec, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia. (The United Province of Canada separated into two new provinces.)
