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Royal Government
After the chartered companies period, the french monarchy took back control of its american colonies. King Louis XIV was set to making his kingdom absolutist. From 1663-1760, Canada lived under the Royal Government/administration. -
Military rule
From 1756-1763, Europe was at war (the seven years' war). The King of Britain at the time was focused on the war so he imposed the military rule on his american territory for the time being. Once the war ended, he properly governed the territory. -
Treaty of Paris
New France was officially given to the King of England besides Ile-st-pierre and Miquelon -
Royal proclamation
Since the Britain now has Great Britain, they now need to control it, this is where the royal proclamation comes in. The goal of it was to assimilate the french. So, the following was done: decreases the borders round the st Lawrence valley, renames the territory the Province of Quebec, puts in a civilian government, english laws were put in place, roman catholic religion not accepted and the test oath. -
Quebec Act
The British were afraid that the french would join the americans during the revolution, so the Quebec Act was put into place to make them happy. They guaranteed french Canadian loyalty, expanded the territory to have the great lakes area, brought back french civil laws, allowed an appointed council and replaced the test oath with the oath of allegiance. -
American independence
After the american war of independence, many people remained loyal to the king (AKA loyalists) so they didn't want to live in America. America now had been separated from Britain and now governed themselves. -
Constitutional Act
Quebec is split up into two parts: Upper (english) and Lower (french) Canada. This had put into place the representative government. Although this government was put into place, there were some faults. The legislative assembly didn't actually have any power, which upset the population. -
The Rebellions
The rebellions of 1837-38 was the parties in parties in both Canadas that were upset that they weren't getting what they want. Louis Joseph Papineau sent the 92 resolution to London who didn't grant them anything and in return gave them the 10 russell resolutions. This angered the population and they rebelled. -
Act of Union
This act creates the province of canada (canada east and west), each canada had 42 members in its assembly, and the governor still had control and veto power. This act put into place the responsible government -
A Real Responsible Government
The governor at the time, Lord Elgin, would be the first governor to not use his veto power and let the prime minister have executive power. -
Charlottetown Conference
The province of Canada meets with New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and Prince Edward island to discuss confederation terms of merger. They agree to met again. -
Quebec Conference
Province of Canada, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland meet, the 72 resolutions were created to make the merger possible. This pretty much discussed how the merger would look like with the federal systems, railway and rep by pop. -
London Conference
They created a new self governing entity created under the British North American Act. The dominion of Canada was now created with Quebec, Ontario, New Brunswick and Nova Scotia. -
War Measures Act
During World War 1, the war measures act passed, which centralized all powers with the federal government (don’t have our own military yet, still tied with britain military) -
Conscription Crisis
During World War I, the french nationalists criticized Canada's involvement in UK wars and voted against conscription. -
Great Depression
Since there is a low employment rate, it means the governments are looking to get into power. The welfare state was now on the rise to appease the citizens. There was another conscription crisis as well. -
The Padlock Law
During Duplessis' run, his government made it illegal to strike and promote communist ideas -
Maurice Duplessis
From 1944-1969, Maurice Duplessis (union national) was running the government until his death. He believed the state should not intervene in economic nor social problems in the state. He also believed agriculture was the heart of the economy in order to avoid urbanization and unemployment. -
Jean Lesage
Jean lesage was a lawyer and a federal politician for 4 terms in the federal parliament with the liberals and later ran for head of the quebec liberal party when the conservatives ousted Mackenzie King’s federal liberals. He also accomplished multiple things for the province. -
The Quiet Revolution
Driven by cultural and political assertion of quebecers and the desire for a government with a more interventionist role. -
Office de la langue française
Jean Lesage (liberal) creates the office de la langue francaise was created to promote the french language -
October Crisis
The FLQ kidnapped James Cross (british diplomat)and Pierre Laporte (who they ended up killing). This was the only time the war measures act was put into place when there was no war. This led to nationalists ideas to separatism. -
Bill 101
Levesque (PQ) enacts the charter of the french language, Bill 101, making it compulsory for immigrant children to go to french school, forced large companies to adopt french on public signs -
Referendum on sovereignty association
Quebec would still keep the economic benefits of being part of Canada but be a politically independent nation. They lost this vote. -
Referendum on sovereignty
This referendum was for Quebec to be completely independent from Canada. They lost the vote by 50.6%.
