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1868 BCE
Puerto Rico
The Grito de Lares was given in 1868. Puerto Rico is still administered by the United States and is currently a commonwealth of that country. And because of that, that country is not independent. -
1848 BCE
Cuba
In the year 1848, there was the Grito de Yara and the First War of Independence, called the Ten Years War or Great War. José Martí organizes the Cuban Revolutionary Party. In 1899, Cuba proclaims its independence. -
1824 BCE
Simon Bolivar
Liberator, President of Gran Colombia. Take command of an expedition to Peru. Battle of Junin & Battle of Ayacucho. -
1824 BCE
Independence war End
1824: Bolívar & Sucre, Victory in Peru.
1825: Sucre, Upper Peru - Bolivia -
1822 BCE
José de San Martín.
Protector of Peru. San Martin gave Bolivar the initiative of the war.
Quit from the government of Peru & went back to Argentina . -
1821 BCE
Central America
In 1821 the provinces of Guatemala were united in Central America. In the year 1824 the Central American Federal Republic was created. In 1838 to 1840 there was a Civil War. In 1841 England invaded Belize. -
1820 BCE
Peru
San Martín leaves Chile. San Martín arrives to Lima. San Martín Declares the Independence in 1821.Battle of Junin and Battle of Ayacucho in 1824. -
1817 BCE
New Granada & Venezuela
Bolívar, Piar, Páez and others reactivated the war in 1817.
Bolivar faced and defeated Morillo in Calabozo in 1818. Acrossed the Andes, in Pantano de Vargas battle, the independence of new Granada was sealed .A Venezuelan's victory in the battle of Carabobo gave Venezuela its independence. -
1816 BCE
Independence causes: Economic
-Bourbon reforms
-No intraregional trade -
1816 BCE
Independence causes: Social
-Spaniards privileges
-Spaniards vs.creoles for management positions -
1816 BCE
Independence causes: Ideological
-Enlightenment: The forerunners of independence became aware of the differences between the colonies and the metropolis. -
1815 BCE
Military campaigns: Pablo Morillo
Fernando VII, Cádiz, 1815 and the greatest Spain force. -
1813 BCE
Military campaigns: Simón Bolivar
"Liberator" and Admirable Campaign: Mérida and Caracas. -
1810 BCE
Mexico
In 1810, there was a wave of hunger, in the town of Dolores.
In 1811 to 1815: First Constitution of Mexico. Agustín Iturbide proclaims himself emperor in 1812. López de Santa Anna is proclaimed President of the Republic in 1833.
Spain recognizes independence in the year 1839. -
1810 BCE
Argentina, Paraguay & Uruguay
In 1810: Buenos Aires, 3 failed attempts. Assumption Spontaneous Revolution set Paraguay free in 1811. In 1816, San Martin, United Provinces of South America. Federalists vs.Centralists. Uruguay went to war with Brazil in 1825. -
1810 BCE
Chile
In 1810, first Junta, september 18th. Royalist victory in Rancagua. O'Higgins & San Martin Army of the Andes. O'Higgins & San Martin crossed the Andes mountains, Battle of Chacabuco. Royalist victory, Cancha Rayada, Battle of Maipú. -
1809 BCE
American Sovereign Juntas
August 10, 1809, Quito 1st in the history of Spanish America to proclaim the independence.
1810: Caracas, Buenos Aires, Bogota, and Santiago de Chile, Mexico -
1808 BCE
Napoleon in Spain
On May 5, 1808, Napeleon's brother, José Bonaparte. King of Spain
called "PepeBotellas". -
1807 BCE
Brazil
Napoleon invaded Portugal and John VI took refuge in Brazil in 1807. Juan VI promotes a legal reform in 1815. And in 1821 Juan VI returns to Portugal, leaving his son Pedro de Braganza as governor of Brazil. Emperor of Brazil is proclaimed. Was succeeded by his son, Pedro II in 1831.Portugal recognizes its independence in the year 1889. -
1793 BCE
Haiti & Sto Domingo
1793 - 1802: Francois Dominique Toussaint - Louverture. Jean Jacques Dessalines definitely defeated the French troops.
In 1804, declared the independence of Haiti. In 1865, Dominican Republic achieves its independence.