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100
Germania: Tacitus
History of the German people, negative reflection on the Romans and positive description of the German people -
313
Early Christianity: Edict of Milan
Issued by the Emperor of Rome, Constantine. This States that the practice of Christianity is to be accepted throughout the Roman Empire -
381
Early Christianity: Nicene Creed
The formal summary of Christian belief first adopted at the Council of Nicaea in 325, but accepted throughout the Empire in 381 -
410
Germanic Tribes: The Sacking of Rome by Alaric
Rome is sacked by the Visigoths who are led by King Alaric -
410
England: Legions Depart
Because protection was needed elsewhere in the Empire, the Roman forces occupying Britain left. Those that were left were left vulnerable to Germanic invasion -
413
Byzantine: Building of Great wall around Constantinople by Theodosius II
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450
England: Anglo-Saxon invasion of Britain
Germanic tribes start to invade Britain and Eventually settle there -
Period: 457 to Dec 25, 751
France: The Merovingian Dynasty
The dynasty that ruled over France for nearly 300 years that included Clovis -
511
France: The Salic Law
The code of laws for the Salian Franks. Its main point was to protect people from Wergeld -
532
Byzantine: Nika Revolt
Riot in the city of Constantinople during the reign of Justinian. Half the city burned. Led to the construction of Hagia Sophia -
591
France: Gregory of Tours, History of the Franks
The history of the Frankish people written by Gregory of Tours. Gregory often included bias when talking about Clovis as he supported him greatly -
Dec 24, 624
Islam: Muhammad Conquers Mecca
The founder of Islam, Muhammad, conquers the Islam holy city of Mecca. Said that if his men died in battle, they would go to paradise(heaven) -
Dec 24, 661
Islam: Sunni/Shia split
The assassination of Ali ibn Abi Talib led to the split between the Sunni Muslims and the Shiite Muslims -
Period: Dec 24, 661 to Dec 25, 750
Islam: Umayyad Empire
The death of Ali ibn Abi Talib led to the beginning of the Umayyad Empire, or Caliphate, the second of the four major Arab Caliphates established after the death of Muhammad -
Period: Dec 24, 672 to Dec 25, 735
England: Venerable Bede
An English monk whose history of England earned him the title "The Father of English History". He was also an active writer in a variety of genres, including science, music, poetry, and theology -
Period: Dec 24, 688 to Dec 25, 741
France: Charles Martel
Military leader who lead Frankish soldiers against the invading soldiers under Emir Abdul Rahman, and defeated them -
Dec 24, 691
Islam: Dome of the Rock Built in Jerusalem
Built around the spot where Muhammad ascended to heaven , holy for both Muslims and Jews -
Period: Dec 24, 714 to Dec 25, 768
France: Pepin the Short
Son of Charles Martel who ruled France from 751 until his death -
Dec 24, 732
France: The Battle of Tours
Battle near Tours, France, which took place between the forces of Charles Martel and the invading Islamic forces led by Emir Abdul Rahman Al Ghafiqi Abd al Rahman -
Period: Dec 24, 750 to Dec 25, 1517
Islam: Abbasid Empire
The third of the four Arab Caliphates -
Period: Dec 24, 751 to Dec 25, 1122
France: The Carolingian Dynasty
The dynasty that began with Pepin the Short in 751 and ended with Eudes, Count of Vermandois -
Dec 25, 800
France: Charlemagne is Crowned by Pope
Near the end of the reign of Charlemagne, one of the greatest Frankish Kings, he was crowned Emperor by Pope Leo -
Period: Dec 24, 849 to Dec 25, 899
England: Alfred the Great
King of Wessex from 871 until his death in 899. Alfred successfully defended his kingdom against the viking invasions and is one of only two English monarchs to be given the Epithet "the Great" -
Period: Dec 24, 871 to Dec 25, 1066
England: The House of Wessex
The House that ruled England from 871-1066, from the beginning of the rule of Alfred the Great until the end of the Rule of Edward the Confessor -
Dec 24, 1000
Germanic Tribes: Beowulf
An Anglo-Saxon narrative of the adventures of Beowulf, a Scandinavian hero and king -
Dec 24, 1000
England: Norman Invasion of England
William the Conqueror becomes King of England over Harold Godwinson, depicted in the Bayeux Tapestry -
Period: Dec 24, 1016 to Dec 25, 1153
Islam: Seljuk Dynasty
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Dec 24, 1054
Byzantine: Schism between Greek Orthodox and Roman Catholic
The split of Christianity into Greek Orthodox in the East, and Roman Catholic in the West -
Dec 24, 1095
Middle Ages: Pope Urban's Speech at Council of Clermont
Pope Urban II gives speech because he wants to start the Third Crusade -
Dec 24, 1099
Middle Ages: Christians take Jerusalem in First Crusade
During the first crusade, the christian crusaders take the city of Jerusalem. The inhabitants of Jerusalem (Christians, Jews, and Muslims) were massacred -
Period: Dec 24, 1189 to Dec 25, 1192
Middle Ages: Third Crusade
The third crusade by the Christians. Issued by Pope Urban II -
Dec 24, 1200
Germanic Tribes: Prose Edda
A compilation of Norse poems and Lore compiled and written by Norwegian Poet Snorri Sturlson. Makes it known that he is a christian but is going to but Christianity aside -
Period: Dec 24, 1202 to Dec 25, 1204
Middle Ages: Fourth Crusade
Called by Pope Innocent III, originally intended to conquer Muslim-controlled Jerusalem through Egypt -
Dec 24, 1212
Middle Ages: Children's Crusade
A disastrous attempt by the Christians to expel Muslims from the Holy Land -
Period: Dec 24, 1213 to Dec 25, 1221
Middle Ages: Fifth Crusade
An attempt to acquire Jerusalem and the rest of the Holy Land by first conquering the Ayyubid state in Egypt -
Period: Dec 24, 1228 to Dec 25, 1229
Middle Ages: Sixth Crusade
An attempt by the Church to regain Jerusalem that involved very little actual fighting -
Dec 24, 1270
Middle Ages: Eighth Crusade
A crusade launched by Louis IX of France against the city of Tunis in 1270 -
Period: Dec 24, 1271 to Dec 25, 1272
Middle Ages: Ninth Crusade
The last crusade by the Church to the Holy Land -
Dec 24, 1325
Islam: Ibn Battuta Pilgrimage to Mecca
The first hajj to Mecca of one of the greatest travelers of all time, Ibn Battuta -
Dec 24, 1453
Middle Ages: Ottoman Empire Takes Constantinople
The siege and capture of the Byzantine capture of Constantinople by and army of Ottoman Turks led by Sultan Mehmed II. This caused the end of the Byzantine Empire