Crusades

Pop Urban II call for a crusade

Nov 27, 1095

First Crusade

Jan 1, 1096

was a military expedition by Roman Catholic Europe to regain the Holy Lands taken in the Muslim conquests of the Levant (632–661), ultimately resulting in the recapture of Jerusalem in 1099.

the fist crusade is carried out

Jan 1, 1099

the first crusade is carried out in effort to aid Byzantine Christians against Muslim invaders

Jerusalem was taken

Jul 15, 1099

Muslims and jews fought together to defend Jerusalem, but the city was capture by the crusaders

The recapture of the territory

Jan 1, 1145

The Second Crusade is launched to recapture territory recently lost to Muslim forces, but in the end only a few Greek islands are actually taken.

The Second Crusade

Jan 1, 1145

Launched in response to the capture of Edessa by Muslims in The Second Crusade was accepted by European leaders primarily thanks for the effort of St. Bernard of Clairvaux who travelled across France, Germany, and Italy to exhort people to take up the cross and reassert Christian domination in the Holy Land.

The capture of Edessa

Dec 24, 1145

Muslim forces under the command of Imad ad-Din Zengi re-capture Edessa, originally taken by Crusaders under Baldwin of Boulogne in 1098. This event makes Zengi a hero among Muslims and leads to a call for a Second Crusade in Europe.

The German Crusaders

Dec 1, 1146

Conrad III arrives at Constantinople with the remnants of his army of German Crusaders.

The third crusade

Jan 1, 1187

By Frederick I Barbarossa, Richard I Lion Heart of England, and Philip II August of France for the control of the “The Holy land” Jerusalem.

Muslim Forces

Jul 2, 1187

Muslim forces under Saladin capture the city of Tiberias but the garrison, led by Count Raymond's wife Eschiva, manage to hold out in the citadel. Christian forces camp at Sephoria in order to decide what to do. They don't have the strength to attack, but they are inspired to move forward by the image of Eschiva holding out.

The Battle of Hattin

Jul 4, 1187

The Muslim armies under Saladin captured or killed the majority of the Crusader forces, removing their major capacity to win wars. As a direct result of the battle, Islamic forces once again became the eminent military power in the Holy Land, re-conquering Jerusalem and several other Crusader-held cities.

The Troops for the third crusade

Jan 21, 1189

Troops for the third crusade, called in response to the victories of Muslims under the command of Saladin, began to gather under King Philip II Augustus of France, King Henry II of England (shortly followed by his son, King Richard I), and Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I. Frederick drowned the next year on the way to Palestine - German folklore developed that asserted he was hidden in a mountain waiting to return and lead Germany to a new and brighter future.
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The end of the third crusade

Jan 1, 1192

It was ultimately unsuccessful. Frederick I Barbarossa of Germany drowned before he even reached the Holy Land and Philip II Augustus of France returned home after a short period of time. Only Richard the Lion Heart of England stayed long.

the fourth crusade

Jan 1, 1198

Is called to recapture Jerusalem. But it is diverted to Constantinople instead. The capital of the Byzantine Empire would be captured, sacked, and held by Latin rulers until 1261.
it would be finish in 1204. The crusaders established the Latin Empire (1204–1261) and other Latin states in the Byzantine lands they conquered.

Fall of Constantinople

Jul 17, 1203

Constantinople, capital of the Byzantine Empire, falls to Crusading forces from Western Europe. Deposed emperor Isaac II is freed and resumes rule along side his son, Alexius IV, while Alexius III scape to Mosynopolis in Thrace. Unfortunately, there is no money to pay the Crusaders and the Byzantine nobility are infuriated at what happened.

The armies of the Fourth Crusade

Apr 12, 1204

Finally favoured the Crusaders. A strong northern wind aided the Venetian ships in coming close to the walls. After a short battle, approximately seventy Crusaders managed to enter the city.

The Crusaders completely took the city.

Apr 13, 1204

The crusaders inflicted a horrible sacking on Constantinople for three days, during which many ancient and medieval Roman and Greek works were stolen or destroyed.

Death of The Leader of The Fourth Crusade

Sep 4, 1207

Boniface leader of the Fourth Crusade and founder the Kingdom of Thessalonica, is killed by Kaloyan, Tsar of Bulgaria.