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The Leaders of Canada gathered together to mearly discuss the idea of a United Nation.
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The major provinces gathered together to full discuss the concept of the nation of Canada. They finally agree but Newfoundland and Prince Edward Island do not participate because they will not have access to the railway.
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The leaders of Canada gathered in London to ask permission to become a nation. London agreed and made the British North america Act which gave Canada partial freedom. Britain still delt with external affairs and canad would need to accompany britain any any war they ingage in. Canda originally had 4 provinces: Quebec, Ontario, New brunswic and Nova Scotia.
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Started in 1870 (ish) and ended in !900 (ish). During this time people learned that it is easier and faster to make money by using factories and assembly lines rather than a skilled worker. They built factories and they built end products that could be sold immediatly afterwards. People came in from rural areas to get jobs in the city and the conditions were HORRIBLE. In fact, many people moved to the USA for better working conditions. Women and children had to work aswell.
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Initially smaller, enlarged in 1912
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Was bought from hudson bay company.
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Joined in return for railway completion.
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It was in serious debt, joined to save economy.
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John A. Macdonnald formed a policy to promote national union.
it consisted of the following -Increase Custom Duties: Protect/Promote Canadian Industries by ensuring Canadians bought Canadian goods.-Build Railways: The Canadian Pacific Railway was to run coast to coast, unify people, increase trade.-Encourage Immigration: Especially in Western Canada, bigger population = bigger market. -
-The first Prime Minister of Canada was seen by many to be power hungry; he took many provincial powers, and created many political enemies. -Some provinces wanted out of the Dominion-The Metis (mixed race) people of Manitoba considered themselves to be independent of Canadian laws. They were lead by Louis Riel who demanded the Metis be respected.-Upset the half natives started an uprising in Saskatchewan in 1885.-The rebellion was quickly put down, Riel was hung for his crimes.
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Population too small to create a province.
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New factories were built, financed by USA and Great Britain.This phase all about minerals, natural resouces, and pulp & paper. New railways were built to get access to areas rich in resources. Towns in montreal develop like Westmount and other middle class areas. Working conditions were still very bad so they developped trade unions even though they were opposed by the emoployer.
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Recent settlement allowed them to be provinces.
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For the first time ever, the entire world was engaged in the same war. It was declared the worst war in history. Canada was forced in to the war by great brittain. At first it was only volunteers but then they started the conscription crisis in 1917. As men went to war the women took their jobs at home which helped develop womens rights and they got the right to vote for the federal election in 1918.
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After the war people were spending a lot of money. They invested in things such as stocks and they would take loans to pay for these investments. On "Black Thursday" the stocks crashed and money basically lost value. The economy was hit hard and big companies laid people off. People bought as little as possible. Government Solutions: -Public works projects to boost economy-Work Camps-Direct Aid-Encouraged FarmingThis helped the government start spending and helped get out of the crash.
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Canada is givin full control of foreign affairs as a 'gift' from Britain regarding Canada's brave and loyal services in the great war 1914-1918. (WW1)
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War started on september 1st 1939 when germany invaded poland and ended in 1945. In this war Canada came came volunterily came as opposed to WW1 when they were forced in. Another conscription crisis occured although those people hardly saw battle. The participation of women increased and the government was centralized in Canada.
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In office until 1959. More traditional kind of guy and encouraged people to go back to the land to farm. He brought electricity to most of the farming areas to encourage the people further. He also brought back christian values and let the church get control of education and health care once again. He felt strongly about provincial autonomy and reject lots of federal funds and added certain taxes. He created the fleurdelisé as quebecs official flag.
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Ended in 1960 (give or take). After the war the soldiers got home and were excited to start a family and so the population of the globe saw a massive increase.
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Joined up for economic reasons.
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In the quiet revolution Quebec had to catch up with the rest of Canada so they added new rules for school ( kids can attend for free until they are 16). Other advancements in technologie (hydro electricity became goverment owned, transcanada expanded and the government weakend a lot of the churches influence on the popultion. Basically Quebec is moving away from laboured workers and is moving toward, qualified intelectuals who would work in an office.
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A birth control pill was invented in 1961 to prevent unwanted pregnency. This meant it was easier to control when one had a child which slowed down the birth rate. Ultimately ending the baby boom along with other things.
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1961-Office de la langue francaise was created to promote the French language.The language issue was very big in Quebec politics and several pieces of legislation were passedBill 63, Official language act, Bill 22.
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The Canadian flag was created. The idea pushed by Lester b. Pearson.
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Rene Levesque left his post in the Liberal Party, in 1966, to form a seperatist party. In 1968 the Partis Quebecois (PQ) was created.
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People began to get proud of quebec and thats where the idea for separation began. A terrorist groupe called the FLQ was created and they tried to get the idea of seperatism across though violence. In 1970 they abducted James Cross and Pierre Laporte. Prime minister Pierre Elliot Trudeau invoked the war measures act where the army was brought in to protect the citizens of montreal from the terrorists. Mr. Cross survied but Pierre Laporte was found dead in a car.
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This law created conflict between the english and the french. All signs had to be in french and only french. English speaking parents could send their kids to english speaking schools but french speaking parents could not.
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Pierre Elliott Trudeau wants to give Canada the power amend the constitution without English permission.
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The question was asked to the population: Do you want to separate? Yes or No? the population responded 40% yes and 60% no.
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Constitution Act did in fact get permission to change the constitution without Britain's permission.It was passed in April 1982, plus a Charter of Rights and Freedoms to protect indiv. liberties. It was passed with the approval of most provinces. Quebec however did not sign it and to this day they have not signed it. Even though P.E. Trudeau did this to try and unite the country and to lead away from the separation idea.
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This accord was to further persuade Quebec to remain within Canada. Recognising it's distinct society but Newfoundland and Manitoba were opposed.
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A local golf course planned to expand their 9 holes onto native land. Obviously they were angered by this and set up a blackade around the borders of the reserve. The natives militarily organized themselves and the Canadian Forces were called in to handle the situation. The Charlottetown Accord was created to deal with these issues.
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The Charlottetown Agreement sought to do the same (as the Meech lake agreement, including recognize aboriginal and Quebec rights) it was voted against by the people. (1992)
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The question was aksed to the public once again. Do you want to separate from canada? The answer remained the same however the votes were extremely close. With 51.6 of the population saying yes and 49.4 saying no, the majority won by 1.2 percent.
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Mainly inhabited by Inuits.
