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Patriarchy society, hunters, lived in tipis, lived in small groups, moved often following hurds.
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Made of multiple tribes, Matriarchy society, agricultural, lived in an area for around 10-15 years, long houses.
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Port Royal failed because of its position
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Champlain returned in 1608-09 to establish a trading post near Stadacona. The trading post that Champlain established grew into a colony that would be called NEW FRANCE.
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Implementation of a Royal Government in 1663
- Governor-highest rank – Boss of New-France, commander of army, defense, dealt with external affairs
- Intendant- most influential, chief administrator, controlled budget, collected taxes, justice, seigniorial system, built roads, industries
- Bishop- appointed by the Pope, administrated over Parish preists, hospitals, schools, charities -
He wanted to encourage settlement all in hopes to increase the population
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The First Intercolonial War→Ends with the Treaty of Ryswick 1697
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The Second Intercolonial War→Ends with the Treaty of Utrecht 1713
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The Third Intercolonial War→Ends with the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle 1748
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Conflict between Britain and France to take over New-France. The English win the battle and France capitulate. Thsi war was also fought in Europe where France concentrated most of its army.
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1.The French Militia could return home, no one would lose their property
2.The French Regular military would lay down their arms and leave.
3.The people could practice the R.C. religion, but the Bishop would have to leave.
4.The people who stayed would become British Subjects. -
1763 Treaty of Paris→ 7rys war ends. All the Territory known as New France is given to the King of England except two small Islands, (St.Pierre, Miquelon)
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Had a goal to control and assimilate the French in Quebec, It did this by bringing them all together as to watch over them, and took many of their rights away so as to force them to become more English.
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-Guarantees French Canadian loyalty
-Enlarges the area of Quebec -Denied an elected assembly
-Appointed council (min.17 members)
-French civil laws were instated, tithe and seigniorial system are back -
This all started becuse the American's wanted western expansion but were denied to do so and Britain wanted to place strict control on trade and inc. taxes
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This act seperated Quebec into Lower Canada and Upper Canada, French were given alot of freedom.
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Timber is in high demand in Britain and timber becomes the main source of exportation in Canada
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Steam power locomotives are invented and canal systems are created to enhance trading
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-British cut off trade routs from France to America
- Britain was at war with France in Europe
- Fighting ends in stalemate -
The rebellion of the "Patriotes" was lead by Loius Joseph Papineau but was quicly put down by the Britsh army
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- 92 resolutions were sent to Britain asking for a responsible governemnt in Canada
- Lord John Russell responded with the 10 Resolutions
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- Lord Durham was sent to the Canada’s to give his opinion on what to do
- Britain should increase immigration in order to assimilate the French.
- The two Canada’s should be united (eng. now have majority)
- Responsible Government should be granted to eliminate veto power.
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- Creates the Prov. of Canada consisting of Canada East and West (former upper and lower Canada).2. Canada east and west each had 42 members to its assembly3. Governor still had control and veto power4. Canada east and west would equally pay for Canada’s debts (Cdn West owed 10X).
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Canada signs a Treaty with USA where there would be no customs and duties
