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9000 BCE
MESOLITHIC/NEOLITHIC
There were a transition period called Mesolithic. The huntin was difficult so they went to a production economy (Neolithic revolution), based on the agriculture and the ganadery. This caused the sedentarization. The Neolithic (5000 - 3000 a.C) was developed in two stages: Ancient neolithic and full neolithic. -
3000 BCE
CHALCOLITHIC/ BRONZE
t was divided in three stages: Chacolithic; bronze age and iron age.The spotlights more advanced were the Millares and Argar cultures. Something to stand out are the megalitic arquitecture an the bell shaped glass. -
800 BCE
IRON AGE
It was divided in three stages: Tartesos kingdom ( their living way was agriculture, livestock and mining. The gold, the silver and the copper gave the trade); Indoerupean waves ( They undertook population movements to the south of the penynsula) and the Greeks, Phoenicians and Cartaginians ( They were atraccted by the gold, silver and copper. The trade were around the mediterranean). -
218 BCE
SECOND PUNIC WAR AND THE OCUPATION OF THE IBERIAN AREA
The romans attack Anibal's rearguard and they ocuppy the eastern and southern peninsula -
197 BCE
CONSOLIDATION OF THE IBERIAN AREA
Rome send an army to suppress the riots produced by the disobedience of the native villages -
154 BCE
THE WARS AGAINST CELTIBERIAN AND LUSITANS
It was the second period of expansion to the central and western peninsula. There were difficult wars. Numancia resistence. -
133 BCE
CONSOLIDATION OF THE CENTRAL AND WESTERN AREA
It produce the civilians wars and the inner unpheavals, the peninsula were the center of everything. -
29 BCE
ASTURIAN CANTABRIAN WARS
There were runed by Augusto culminating the roman conquest. They were looking for take the total control of the peninsula, it mining wealth and to delete the pillajes. -
415
VISICOTH INVASION
The Visigoths enter in the peninsula. They settle in the south of France (the capital was Tolosa). After a few years they moved to the pirineos and they set up the capital in Toledo -
Apr 4, 1476
Dynastic Union
The catholic King joined both kingdoms, and they setted up their Power in the Madrigal Cortes. It was a monarchy in where each kingdom has their own institutions. -
Feb 1, 1492
GRANDA CONQUEST
The catholic King want to spand their kingdom so they were trying to conquered Granada. Boabdil gave the Granada kingdom to the catholic King. -
Dec 10, 1492
THE DISCOVERY OF AMERICA
Christopher Colombus wanted to arrive to India but they finally ending discovering America. He have made tour trips were he was conquesting different lands. -
1496
CANARY CONQUEST
The catholic Kings started to CONQUEST the canary islands in 1478 and they finally conquered it in 1496 due to the dealings and capitulations -
1501
ITALY
This conquest was fighted between Spain and France. In 1493 they made the Barcelona trade, but this was unfullfilled by France. But then they sign the secret granada trade in 1500 in what Napoles wrre divided between them. -
1510
NORTH AFRICA
The conquered started in 1497 when they occuped Melilla and it edding when they occuped Oran, Argel, peñón de Vélez and Tunez between 1508 and 1510 -
1512
NAVARRA KINGDOM
Navarra and Francia prohibited the enter in Navarra to the catholic Kings. The king want to enter and he prepare the invasion. -
1521
Villalar battle
The royal army and the comunity army were both founded in villalar.the comunist losted and Padilla Bravo and Maldonado were killed. -
1533
EXPANSION OF THE SPANISH EMPIRE
1.Magallanes and Elcano espedition. They complete the first round the world.
2. Mexico conquest. Hernan Cortés coqnuered mexico in 1521
3. Peru conquest. Pizarro conquered the inca´s empire in 1533 -
GRAN MEMORIAL
In the Gran memorial Olivares exposed his idea of unification and centralization of different terrritories, And it have the objective to reaffirm the others peninsular territories to enlarge the king and the estate. -
PAZ DE WESTFALIA
The defeat of the spanish the third parties drove to the paz of westfalia in where the 30 years war finished. -
SUCESION WAR
The conflict arised after the death of the last Austria. The heir was Felipe de borbon. With that war started the Borbones kingdom. -
Fernando VI
During his regin, he sign with Roma the Concordato in 1753. With it the crown obtein every church charges and incomes of the spanish church that goes to Roma now stay in Spain. -
Motin de Esquilache
Esquilache made urbanistic reforms of a modern population. He approve the grain commerce liberty. Then it occurred a revolt that people thought that it was promoted by the Jesuitas. -
Count Aranda
He made the repopulation and he create new poblations in Andalucia -
Count Floridablanca
He decided to emit public debt. He created the San Carlos bank. To active the external trade He developed the Economic Society of country friends. -
Carlos VI regin
Godoy has the military power. The declain of the spain troops and the Paz de basilea Submit to the french interests. Godoy made reforms such us the church lands disenteil to rich means for the state. -
Motin de aranjuez
Godoy sign with Napoleon the fountaneibleu trade for the napoleonic army to enter in Spain to attack Portugal. Then they would distribued Portugal between Francw and Spain and there will be one principate for Godoy and this provoke the irritations of the population. This kind of politics end up with a opposition of the partido Antigodoyista that ends with the motin of aranjuez -
GUERRILLAS
The guerrillas were used to stop the napoleon's army and it consisted in little groups of spanish people in strategic places to delete their installations and attack them -
Bayona’s abdications
Napoleon put his brother jose like spanish king and provoke to the courts to approve a constitution that ends up with the Antiguo regimen. The bayona’s abdications put the intention of napoleon respect from spain. -
1812 CONSTITUTION
This Constitution summaries the labour legislative of the Courts and establish the ideas and the language of the Spanish liberalism. There, it is regulated the questions related with the public life and the rights of the citizens -
First Carlist War
The first Carlist War was a civil war that took place in Spain between 1833 and 1840 between the Carlists, supporters of the infant Carlos María Isidro de Borbón and an absolutist regime, and the Elizabethans or Christians, defenders of Elizabeth II and the regent María Cristina de Borbón, whose government was originally moderate absolutist and ended up becoming liberal to gain popular support. It was formerly known by Spanish historiography as the Seven Years' War or First Civil War. -
Mendizabal´s confiscation
It was imposed because of the Charle´s war and the necesity of reduce the public debt. Mendizabal, abolished the religioous orders and confiscated it assets. It exist until 1845 and the 75% of the eclesiastic heritage was sellout. -
The Vicalvarada
The Revolution of 1854, also known by the name of Vicalvarada —because it began with the confrontation between the rebel troops commanded by General Leopoldo O'Donnell and the government troops near the town of Vicálvaro in Madrid— was a military uprising followed by a popular insurrection, which occurred between June 28 and July 28, 1854 during the reign of Elizabeth II. This put an end to the moderate decade (1844-1854) and gave way to the progressive biennium (1854-1856). -
Liberal Union
The origin of the party dates back to the 1854 Revolution in Spain in which the moderate "puritans" led by General O'Donnell joined the progressives to put an end to the government of the Count of San Luis, who, lacking a parliamentary base, governed by decree with the exclusive support of Queen Elizabeth II. -
Madoz´s confiscation
He was a Progressive minister. The assets that still belong to the church and the assets of the town are going to be sell out. The objectives were: solve the problems with tax office,railway construction and promote loyalty to the landowner and middle-class. -
agrarian transformation
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provisional government of serrano
To omit the revolutionary ideas, Prim impulse the formation of a Provisional Government directed by Serrano.
This Government made a convocation with the Constituents Courts due to universal suffragist and it will emerge the Constitution of 1869 -
GLORIOSA REVOLUTION
In this period of time, it emerges a revolution that will put an end in the reign of Isabel II and it will establish a democratic regime in Spain. It had a military pronouncement and it started the revolutionary boards in the principle cities. -
The Revolution of 1868
The Revolution of 1868, called the Glorious or September Revolution or the Septembrina, was a military uprising with civilian elements that took place in Spain in September 1868, which led to the dethronement and exile of Queen Elizabeth II and the beginning of the period called the Democratic Sexenio (1868-1874). -
THE REIGN OF AMADEO I OF SABOYA
The lead with a lot of problem such as the opposition of the republicans, the opposition of the phoniness party, the 3rd carlist war, the opposition of the church, of the labor movement, and the discomfort of the army -
THE FIRST REPUBLIC
It had lot of problems: Two wars, a few support, the internal division of the republicans in federals and unities, the cantonal. It had 4 presidents: Figueras, Pi I Margall, Salmerón and Emilio Castelar -
Spanish Constitution of 1876
The Constitution of 1876 was promulgated on June 30, 1876 by Antonio Cánovas del Castillo and was the basis of the Bourbon Restoration. From them resulted a commission of 39 of them, chaired by Manuel Alonso Martínez, who would be in charge of the definitive drafting of the text. The final text was approved without major changes by a Constituent Assembly elected by direct male suffrage, without specifying a voting system in accordance with the provisions of the 1869 Constitution. -
Peace of Zanjon
The document that establishes the capitulation of the Cuban Liberation Army to the Spanish troops, ending the so-called Ten Years' War (1868-1878), is known as the Zanjón Pact or Paz de Zanjón. This agreement did not guarantee any of the two fundamental objectives of that war: the independence of Cuba, and the abolition of slavery. -
Pacto de El Pardo
The Pact of El Pardo was an informal agreement, which supposedly took place on November 24, 1885, on the eve of the death of the former King Alfonso XII, between Cánovas del Castillo and Práxedes Mateo Sagasta, respective leaders of the two most important parties. important members of the monarchical Restoration, the Liberal Conservative Party and the Liberal-Fusionist Party, with the purpose of providing stability to the regime -
War between Cuba and Spain
It started in 1895. It was a independent rebellion, because the cubans want the abolishment of the slavery and the politic autonomy. The attempts of Martínez Campos to pacify the conflict were usseles. EEUU is going to took part in the war. -
The Philippines rebellion
The rebellion was a consequence of the corruption and the ineptitud of administration, that didn´t attend to the autonomist desires of the moderates like the philippine ligue of José Rizal. Who was executed by Polavieja, but the rebellion didn´t finish. The rebellion finished when Primo de Rivera sign the peace with Emilio Aguinaldo in 1897. -
Paris Treaty
Spain lose the last colonies.The textil exportations were affected. But the consequence was from moral character. A depressive weather being set up in spain because they were a nation insignificant in the international order. -
War Between United States and Spain
USA took part in the war. The conflict will be developed with large Spanish defeat. The defeat in Santiago de Cuba finished with the atlantic fleet guided by Cervera. The war conclude with the Paris treaty. -
ANNUAL DISASTER
The Annual disaster was a serious Spanish military defeat in the Rif War and an important victory for the Rif rebels commanded by Abd el-Krim. It occurred between July 22 and August 9, 1921, near the Moroccan town of Annual, located between Melilla and the Bay of Alhucemas. This defeat led to a redefinition of Spain's politics and a political crisis that undermined the foundations of the liberal monarchy of Alfonso XIII. -
PRIMO DE RIVERA'S COUP
On September 13, 1923, the Captain General of Catalonia, Miguel Primo de Rivera, ordered the occupation of the Barcelona telephone services and read a manifesto to journalists, leading a coup d'état. When the coup occurs, Alfonso XIII was in San Sebastian, returning to Madrid the next day. Despite the insistence of the government, he refused to act against the coup plotters and asked Primo de Rivera to come to Madrid and ordered him to form a government. -
LANDING OF ALHUCEMAS
During the first stage of the dictatorship, the conflict in Morocco focused the interest of Primo de Rivera, who personally became the Moroccan High Commissioner in 1924. The following year, in collaboration with France, the Alhucemas landing was organized (1925), which ended with great success. After several defeats, Abd-el-Krim surrendered, surrendering to the French troops. In 1927, the Spanish army terminated the effective occupation of the entire protectorate in Morocco. -
THE END OF RIVERA’S DICTATORSHIP
The dictatorship had to face, since its inception, but with more intensity as it lasted over time, numerous criticisms, opposition demonstrations and even military pronouncements. Increasingly isolated politically, Primo de Rivera decided to consult the captain generals to find out if he had their support. But his lukewarm answers showed him that he was alone. Faced with the loss of all his support, Primo de Rivera resigned in January 1930. -
PACT OF SAN SEBASTIAN
It is the meeting promoted by the Republican Alliance that took place in San Sebastián on August 17, 1930, attended by representatives of almost all the Spanish republican parties and in which the strategy to put an end to the monarchy of Alfonso XIII was agreed. and proclaim the Second Spanish Republic. -
1931 CONSTITUTION
There was elections and it ends up with the creation of the constitution of 1931, with a majority of the socialist-republicans -
REFORMIST BIENIUM
Alcalá Zamora send to Manuel Azaña to make a republican-socialist government and made reforms iniciated by the provisional government -
SECOND REPUBLIC
In that day, in Spain, it started the Second Republic -
DERECHIST BIENIUM
The anarquists absence and the left division made the victory of the center-right party easier -
FRENTE POPULAR
The creation of the Frente Popular was in 1936 , it’s a coalition of the left armies to front the desunión of the right ones -
The "National Uprising"
The "National Uprising", name given by the rebels to the pronouncement of the 17th and 18th of
July 1936 against the Popular Front Government, led to the Civil War, an event that
aroused great attention both in our country and abroad, as it was perceived as a precedent of the II
World War -
The assassination of Calvo Sotelo
The assassination of José Calvo Sotelo, leader of the National Bloc, as revenge, by the Assault Guard. This murder was the trigger for the military uprising, which began on July 17 in Morocco, where the best garrison of the Army was located -
Appointment of the generalissimo
Franco became the undisputed military leader and was proclaimed Head of State and Generalissimo
of the Spanish Armies on October 1, 1936. A personal dictatorship was established that annulled the Republican government reforms and banned political parties and unions -
TOTALITARY PHASE
It was characterized by the economic retrocess, the ideological involution and the represion. Spain came neutral when EEUU took part in the war and the Eje started to decline. After the war, spain was recognized by the las unit of fascism and it wasn’t admitted in the ONU -
End of the civil war
On April 1, Franco signed the last part of the war: “Today, captive and unarmed the red army, the national troops have achieved their latest military objectives. Spaniards, the war
is over." -
TECTONIC PHASE
Franco named ministers of the OPUS DEI and in 1959 they made a establish plan to make a modern economy It got promoted the State Organic Law. Franco named his sucesor Juan Carlos the prince -
OPPOSITION
The republicans got exiled but the maquis continued in war until 1948. In the 60s and 70s the opposition made a social consternation for the transition to the democracy -
decomposition phase of the regime
Franco named Carrero Blanco as State Boss. It started the opposition of the church. ETA asesines Carrero Blanco in 1973. And in 1975 Franco died. -
APPOINTMEN OF JUAN CARLOS AS A KING
On November 20, 1975 Franco died. Two days later, Juan Carlos de Borbón was proclaimed
King of Spain by the Cortes of Spain. He appointed Torcuato Fernández Miranda, as president of the Cortes. Carlos Arias Navarro, last head of government of the dictatorship,
remained in office. -
RESIGNATION OF ARIAS NAVARRO
In the first months of 1976 there were numerous demonstrations demanding freedom
political and social improvements, to which the government responded with tougher repression.
The politicization of Spanish public life in favor of the legalization of all parties and unions,
the general amnesty and autonomy of Catalonia and the Basque Country; and the personal confrontation with Juan Carlos I,
supporter of full democratization, forced the resignation of Arias Navarro in July 1976. -
TERRORISM AND LEGALIZATION OF POLITICAL PARTIES
In the six months that elapsed until the general elections of June 1977, political parties such as the UGT and CCOO were legalized. Also, the terrorism of ETA and the extreme right try to destabilize the regime. -
FIRST DEMOCRATIC ELECTIONS
On June 15, 1977, the first democratic elections were held after the Franco regime. The UCD
(center right) of Adolfo Suárez obtained a simple majority, followed by the PSOE of Felipe González (center
left). The Suárez government set out to manage an emergency economic policy, draw up a new Constitution and build the State of Autonomies. -
CONSTITUTION 1978
The 1978 Constitution has its sources in the Spanish historical Constitutionalism. It is integrative, rigid and democratic.
National sovereignty resides in the Spanish people.
Rights and freedoms widely collected.
It established the non-denominational nature of the State.
It leads to a State of Autonomies.
Establishes the parliamentary monarchy.
Performs the division of powers: legislative (courts); executive (government) and judicial (Supreme Court). -
The 1981 coup d'état
The 1981 coup d'état, also known by the number 23F, was a failed coup attempt perpetrated on February 23, 1981 by some military commanders in Spain. The main events took place in the cities of Madrid and Valencia. -
The end of international isolation
The end of international isolation, with the full integration of Spain in the EEC in 1986, which made it a participant in the Funds
Structural and Cohesion; and in NATO, accepted by the Government of Calvo Sotelo, but the PSOE was radically opposed. Now in power Felipe González changed his position, perhaps to break the isolation in defense matters, and it was decided in a referendum (only 52% yeses). -
The construction of the State of Autonomies
The construction of the State of Autonomies was a process by which the regions and nationalities of Spain agreed to autonomy after the promulgation of the Spanish Constitution of 1978. It began in 1979 and ended in 1995. Seventeen autonomous communities and two autonomous cities were formed. . -
Terrorism of 11-M
The end of the second legislature was marked by the terrorist act
most serious in the history of Spain, the attacks of March 11,
2004 in Madrid, led by Islamist terrorism. What as a result of the explosions in four trains almost two hundred people and more than a thousand were injured.