Glorious Revolution

James I

Oct 18, 1603

-believed in divine right of kings
-wanted to control British Parliament
-struggle began between power of kings vs. power of Parliament
-started Glorious Revolution

British economy

Oct 18, 1604

-a sizeable royal debt
-could have gradually been reduced through careful management
-James I lavished money on his court to try to win their favor, which only increased the debt

Power of the House of Commons

Oct 18, 1605

-liked their financial strength
-wanted to use the strength to get a greater say in the government
-basically wanted sovereignty
-had greater welath and was better educated than their predecesors
-wanted political power equal to economic strength

Charles I

Oct 18, 1625

-king after James I
-pro-Catholic
-intelligent but Parliament thought he was deceitful and dishonest
-dissolved Parliament at 1629 and ruled without for 11 years
-forced to call Parliament when needed to form an army against Scotland

Long Parliament

Oct 18, 1640

-Parliament sat for 20 years
-passed legislation to limit the power of the monarch
-past the Triennial Act which stated that Parliament must be called at least every three years
-refused to give army to the king to fight Scotland

English Revolution

Oct 18, 1642

-Charles I led military forces against parliament
-tested to see if the sovereignty in England was to reside in King of Parliament
- did not really resolve this problem although Parliamentforces were successful
-ended with the execution of Charles

Execution of Charles I

Oct 18, 1649

-executed by Parliament
-charged with treason
-the divine right of monarchs was disrespected
-start of England's military dictatorship

Enclosure Movement

Oct 18, 1650

-Parliament passed multiple enclosure acts
-these authorized the fencing of open fields in given villages and allowed for the division of the common lands based on the property one owned
-cost of surveying the enclosures was divided amoung the land owners
-landless farmers lost their access to the common pastures so therefore they were out of work

Oliver Cromwell and Protectorate

Oct 18, 1653

-controlled army that defeated Charles I
-was given the title of Protectorate, which meant he was military dictator
-created constitution that gave him all the power
-alowed religious tolerance to everyone but Roman Catholics
-used mercantilist economy
-first and only military dictator

English Restoration

Oct 18, 1660

-wanted to restore monarchy after the disaster of military dictatorship
-restoration failed to resolve two problems
-the attitude toward Purtians, Catholics, and dissenters of the Church
-the position of the king
-began with Charles II

Charles II

Oct 18, 1661

-he was the son of Charles I
-first monarch in England's restoration
-got along with Parliament
-created the Cabal which was a cabinet of five men who acted as a liason between the king and Parliament
-pro-Catholic agenda

Pact with Louis XIV

Oct 18, 1670

-Charles II made a secret deal with Louis XIV to reCatholize England
-in return Louis XIV gave Charles 2000 pounds a year
-Charles would also eventually conver to Catholism
-spread anti Catholic fear throughout England
-caused Parliament to create a bill denying succession to a Roman Catholic

James II

Oct 18, 1685

-brother of Charles II
-openly Catholic
-appointed Roman Catholics to high postions in army and government
-bribed judges to rule in favor of him when his actions were questioned in court
-he declared religious freedom to everyone
-expelled and fled England to live in France when wife produced male heir

William and Mary

Oct 18, 1689

-Mary was the Protestant daughter of James II
-William was Mary's husband and Dutch prince of Orange
-inherited the English throne when James fled
-accepted the throne from Parliament
-this showed the supermacy of Parliament over the king
-the end of the Glorious Revolution