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The Maya was a grand empire who built grand buildings like magnificent pyramids and gigantic cities. Their culture still lives today.
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The Olmecs were one of the first ancient Meso-American civilization. They were quite advanced and had intricate artwork like giant stone heads.
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The Aztecs was a very advanced civilization who had extravagant artwork like feather headdresses, grand temples like the Templo Mayor, and innovative technologies like chinampas.
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Europeans opened up their way of thinking and this started the beginning of the Renaissance.
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The Inca had a vast empire in South America, a complex government, and many great achievements like a 15,000 miles of criss-crossed roadways.
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Portugal captured a the Fortress of Ceuta in Africa and that sparked their dream of controlling the global market of gold.
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Due to Prince Henry's funding of many scientist Portugal discovers the Madeira Islands in 1419.
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This discovery and many others encouraged Prince Henry and his explorers to go farther south on the cost of Africa.
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In 1434 the Cape of Good Hope was crossed. This encouraged the Portuguese to go farther than ever before.
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In 1440 Johann Gutenberg invented the printing press.
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In 1469 Spain became unified as Catholic Spain. Since this happened, they were now competing for global power.
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In 1488 Bartholomew Dias passed the Cape of Good Hope. He could have gone farther, but his crew mutinied and he had to turn back.
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On October 12, 1492 Christopher Columbus made landfall on an island he named Hispaniola. He believed he made landfall in the East Indies, but he really landed in present day Haiti and Dominican Republic.
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A Spanish conquistador named Hernan Cortes invade the Aztec empire in 1519. He gathers native allies, translators, and knowledge from the new empire.
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Pizarro invades the Inca civilizations with a small Spanish army. He used techniques that he learned from Cortes like making allies with native enemies of the Inca, destroying the capitol, and capturing the leader and making them a puppet leader.
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In the year of 1532 the Inca civilization finally crumbles after a long war against Pizarro, a Spanish conquistador.
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Hobbes is a philosopher who wrote a book about how he thinks. He believes that man are irresponsible to make their own choices. He thinks that they should be ruled by a government.
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John Locke is a philosopher who put his opinion on what he thinks of man and the government in a book. He believes that man can rule themselves without a leader. He thinks that men can use reason and their mind to do the right thing. He believes that if they can all follow god the will live in harmony.
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One of the most famous date in America is July 4, 1776, the day we declared our independence from Britain. The colonist in America revolted against the British rule and prevailed against the talented army.
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France revolted against their King and Queen in order to better their country. The write a Declaration of the Rights of Man that is modeled similarly like the U.S. Declaration of Independence.
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After many battles against the French, Haiti is finally independent. They have abolished slavery and people there are now looking for new ways to live and survive.
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Bolivar begins fighting for Venezuela's independence from the Spanish throne. He and the people of Venezuela want to gain more rights and be treated equally.
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Led by Simon Bolivar, the countries of Gran Columbia gain their independence after many years of battling the Spanish. With Bolivar, as their dictator the countries are holding together, but not by much. The landscape makes it hard for these countries to unite.
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In 1821, a Criollo from Argentina named Jose de San Martin, frees Peru from Spanish control. Jose de San Martin used his expertise and his military tactics to liberate this country.
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After many other revolutions Mexico decides that it wants to be independent form Spain too. Even though it took 11 years to do so, it was worth it for the Mexicans. They were free.
