-
789
The Vikings arrive
The First recorded Viking attack in Britain - Many others will follow -
841
Founding Dublin
Dublin is founded as a Viking settlement -
1000
Vinland
The Viking Leiv Eriksson lands in Newfoundland, which he calls Vinland -
Sep 25, 1066
Battle at Stamford Bridge
Ended the threat of Vikings and established Britain as a European nation after the Normans took control of the country in place of the Anglo-Saxons. This had lasting effects on our current language as the Normans were French, and the mix between English and French speakers led to English speakers adopting some French words. -
1215
Magna Carta
The declaration established basic human rights for the citizens of England after King john violated a number of laws through which the nation had been governed. It is viewed as one of the most important documents in the development of modern democracy. -
1290
Edict of Expulsion
King Edward issued an edict that forced the Jews to leave England after 200 years of persecution against them. -
Period: 1337 to 1453
100 year war
The Hundred Year war between England and France -
1348
The Black Death
The Bubonic plague comes to Britain -
1492
Columbus
Christopher Columbus lands in the Bahamas -
Period: 1509 to 1547
Reign of Hentry VIII
Henry VIII was King of England from 1509 to 1547. During his reign he established a schism (1534).The Church of England separated from the Roman Catholic Church, he had six wives. Two divorced and two were beheaded. Henry was 17 when he became king in 1509. He died in 1547. Three of his children reigned after him: Edward, Mary and Elizabeth.
Henry VIII was the first Tudor King and his reign is one of the most emblematic in England. -
Oct 31, 1517
95 Theses by Martin Luther
Luther's 95 theses denounces the Catholic Church with which he disagrees, he does not recognise the pope and his power or even the power of the church but only believes in the power of God -
1534
Henry VII marries Anne Boleyn
Henry VIII marries Anne Boleyn, following divorce from Catherine of Aragon; the Church of England is separated from the Roman Catholic Church -
1536
Union between England and Wales
Act of Union between England and Wales -
Period: 1547 to 1553
Reign of Edward VI
1547 – 1553
Reign of Edward VI
He was the son of Henry VIII and Jane Seymour. He was only 9 years old when his father died. Edward Seymour, Earl of Hertford and soon Duke of Somerset, the new king's eldest uncle, became Lord Protector. During his reign, a series of measures pushed England towards Protestantism. Edward himself was a Protestant.dward VI was 15 years old when he died of tuberculosis in 1553. At that time, the country was practically bankrupt. -
Period: 1553 to 1558
Reign of Mary I
In 1553 Mary I became the first Queen of England. The daughter of Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon, she was the first reigning queen and was 37 years old at the beginning of her reign. During her reign she restored Catholicism in 18 months.Bloody Mary:Protestantism was confined to secrecy as heretics were burned between 1555 and 1558. During Mary's brief reign over 200 Protestants were burned at the stake hence her nickname.Her death in 1558 was hailed as she had turned the nation against her -
Period: 1558 to
Elizabeth I: Golden age of England
English renaissance with Music, literature, theatre and fine art.
The Elizabethan era was also an age of exploration and expansion:
in political, commercial and diplomatic reasons, Francis Drake travel around the world (1577-1580), Walter Raleigh set up the first two colonies in America in Virginia in the 1580s named the Virgin Queen. This initiative resulted in the colonial empire of the 17th and 18th centuries. -
Period: 1558 to
Reign of Elizabeth I
She was unmarried (and only 25 years old when she became queen). She stabilized the Church of England by giving it principles that still exist today - the 'religious settlement'. Foreign policy: she extended England's influence over its neighbors, Europe, and the world She remained in power for 45 years without marrying, which strengthened England's independence. Her reign is associated with the idea of a golden age for the country. -
Period: 1564 to
William Shakespeare
A poet, playwright, and actor who is widely considered the greatest writer in the English language. -
The defeat of the Spanish Armada
Battle between Spain and England. England win -
Execution of Mary Queen of Scots
Mary Queen of Scots was catholic and Elizabeth I was scared that she could harm her. -
Period: to
Reign of James I
James Stuart in 1566 and died in 1625. He was King of Scotland and King of England and Ireland as James I Stuart His reign in Scotland was the longest in the country's history, in England he frequently opposed the English Parliament and was the subject of several assassination attempts, including the Powder Conspiracy in 1605. He was the author of a number of treatises and verse collections, and was responsible for the translation of the Bible that bears his name, the King James Bible -
Establishment of Jamestown in Virginia
In 1607, 104 English men and boys arrived in North America to start a settlement. On May 13 they picked Jamestown, Virginia for their settlement, which was named after their King, James I. The settlement became the first permanent English settlement in North America. -
Jamestown
The founding of the first English colony in America. Jamestown is in current day Virginia. -
Confiscation of Ireland
Protestants take over confiscated Irish land of Ulster (North of Ireland) -
Period: to
The Thirty years' war
The Thirty Years' War was a series of armed conflicts that tore Europe apart from 23 May 1618 to 15 May 1648. The causes were manifold, but it was triggered by the revolt of the Protestant Czech subjects of the House of Habsburg, the ensuing repression, and the Habsburgs' desire to increase their hegemony and that of the Catholic religion in the Holy Roman Empire.The Thirty Years' War was marked on the religious level by the confrontation between Protestantism and Catholicism -
Pilgrim Fathers
The Pilgrim Fathers sail for America on the Mayflower -
Period: to
Reign of Charles I
Charles I was born in 1600 and died in 1649. He was King of England, Scotland and Ireland from 1625 to 1649.
During his reign, Charles I confronted the Parliament of England to increase his revenues, while the latter sought to limit the royal prerogatives, which the king considered to be of divine right. His interference in the religious affairs of the Churches of England and Scotland, and his raising of taxes without the consent of Parliament,who regarded him as an absolute monarch and tyrant. -
Period: to
Civil war
The new king James I didn’t help easing tension between Catholics and Protestant,England had a lot of problem with the finance Furthermore, when Charles I became the King of England the country was in very fragile. Since the beginning the relationship between the Parliament and the King wasn’t good.After 11 years without the Parliament, the mp came back then the Civil war has started (1642-1649)The first civil war is a victory from the Parliament -
The Irish Rebellion
The Cromwellian Conquest of Ireland is the recapture of Ireland by the forces of the English Parliament, led by Oliver Cromwell. Cromwell invaded Ireland with the New Model Army on behalf of the Rump Parliament of England in 1649. -
Period: to
The Interregnum
The Interregnum which means between 2 reigns, between 2 kings, After England declared a Commonwealth there was a failure to reach stability and creation of a military protectorate ruled by Cromwell. -
Great Fire of London
The Great Fire of London destroys two-thirds of the city -
Period: to
Reign of James II
James II of England was unpopular because of his pro-Catholic policies and was obliged to live in exile following an invasion of England led by the Protestant Prince William of Orange. -
The Glorious Revolution
The revolution was the overthrow of King James II. It firmly established that the monarch rules with the consent of the nation and not through divine right. -
Period: to
Reign of William III
James II of England was unpopular because of his pro-Catholic policies and was obliged to live in exile following an invasion of England led by the Protestant Prince William of Orange. -
Period: to
Reign of Anne Stuart
The last Stuart -
Act of Union
The Acts of Union, passed by the English and Scottish Parliaments in 1707, led to the creation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain on 1 May of that year. The UK Parliament met for the first time in October 1707. -
Industrial revolution
The "factory age" begins with the opening of Britain's first cotton mill. -
Period: to
The Revolutionary War
American war of independence -
Declaration of Independence
The Declaration of Independence was a document that listed grievences to the King and announced the splitting of the colonies from the mother country. This document is important to America because it made the colonies of America free and independent from Great Britain. -
Signing of the US Constitution
The constitution was signed becoming a huge part of our government and still is today. -
George Washington becomes President
On this date, George Washington became the first president of the United States. This is an important event in American History, because this is the first time the U.S. had a leader as an independent country. -
Slave Trade Act
This act abolished slave trade in the British Empire. The British realized the cruelty of slave trade and decided they wanted to have nothing to do with it. -
Slaves in America
Slave trade is outlawed in America -
Period: to
The War of 1812
This is the start of war lasted from 1812 to the end of 1814. This is important, because it brought back free trade in the U.S. and ended impressment. These were some of the goals the U.S, had. -
The Burning of Washington DC
During the War of 1812, the British burned many buildings in Washington DC including the White House and Capitol Building. This was important in American History, because two very important US building were destroyed and put the US in a bad position. -
Slavery Abolished
Slavery is abolished in the British Empire -
Period: to
Mexican war
The US gains territory comprising of present-day California, Nevada, Utah, most of New Mexico and Arizona, and parts of Wyoming and Colorado -
Lincoln is elected President
Abraham Lincoln, one of the greatest and most remembered presidents of the America, was elected on this day. His election spurred on the most brutal and deadliest war in American history. Soon after he was elected, South Carolina seceded from the Union and was then followed by the Civil War. -
Period: to
Civil War
The Civil War is a war fought between the Union (north) and the Confederate States (south) in the US. It is important to American History, because it resulted in the US being brought back together as one nation. -
Emancipation Proclamation
This proclamation was important because it gave slaves freedom. It was by President Lincoln. -
President Lincoln's Assassination
President Lincoln was assassinated while at Ford's Theatre by John Wilkes Booth. He was in the Presidential Box. This is important, because it was the first president assassination in American history. -
14th Amendment
The 14th Amendment was ratified and gave all people born in the U.S. the right to be a citizen. This is important, because it is a big step for former slaves to get protection from civil rights. -
Wright brothers
Wright brothers' firs sustained flight in aircraft at Kitty Hawk -
The Great Migration
In the first decades of the twentieth century, African Americans left, in greater and greater numbers, the southern states where they had been subject to economic abuses and outright intimidation. The Great Migration, in which about half a million African Americans moved to the urban North from the rural South, began about 1905 and ended around 1930 -
Titanic
The Titanic sinks with the loss of 1503 lives -
Period: to
WWI
Britain was heavily involved in the first world war, also known as The Great War. The war showcased the devastating effects of new technologies such as tanks and flamethrowers as well as the effects of a global conflict. It resulted in over 16 million deaths -
Treaty of Versailles
The Treaty of Versailles was a treaty signed by the Allied and Central Powers. It ended WWI and started an era in the U.S. known as the Roaring Twenties. The U.S. was not fighting any wars, and they could sit back and enjoy prosperity for the next decade. -
The Partition
Anglo-Irish Peace Treaty is signed, resulting in the Partition of Ireland -
The Great Depression
Wall Street Crash sparks the Great Depression -
Period: to
WWII
The British and many of its allies declared war on the Germans after they invaded Poland in 1939. This world war lasted for 6 years and costed around 55 million lives; however, the allies prevailed and on the war. -
Pearl Harbor
The U.S. naval base Pearl Harbor was attacked on December 7, 1941 by 353 Japanese bombers and fighter planes. This promted the U.S. to join World War II in both the European Theatre and the Pacific Theatre. Thought of isolationism was put to bed as it now was impossible for the U.S. not to join the War. -
Indian independence
India gains independence from Britain -
Marshall Plan
American Congress passes the Marshall Plan offering funding for European recovery -
NATO
North Atlantic Treaty Organization is established -
Period: to
Korean War
Korean War; US and South Korea fight North Korea and China -
Period: to
Reign of Queen Elizabeth II
Queen Elizabeth II served from 1952 to 2022 as reigning monarch of the United Kingdom (England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland) and numerous other realms and territories, as well as head of the Commonwealth, the group of 53 sovereign nations that includes many former British territories. Extremely popular for nearly all of her long reign. -
Period: to
Cuban Missile Crisis
The Cuban Missile Crisis, war between the US and the Soviet Union is narrowly avoided -
Assassination of Kennedy
President Kennedy is assassinated -
Vietnam
American Troops are sent to Vietnam by President Lyndon B. Johnson -
Abortion and Homosexuality
Abortion and homosexuality is legalized in Britain -
Assassination of MLK
Reverend Martin Luther King Jr is assassinated in Memphis, Tennessee -
Apollo 11
Apollo 11 brought Americans together like never before. Americans grew an appreciation for the outside world. Americans understood science more than ever now. -
The Troubles begin
The first British soldier is killed in Northern Ireland's "Troubles" -
Bloody Sunday
Bloody Sunday was a massacre where British soldiers shot 26 unarmed civilians during a protest march in Derry, Northern Ireland. Fourteen people died. Many of the victims were shot while fleeing from the soldiers, and some were shot while trying to help the wounded. Other protesters were injured by shrapnel, rubber bullets, or batons, two were run down by British Army vehicles, and some were beaten. All of those shot were Catholic. -
EU
Britain joins the European Economic Community (later to become the EU) -
Watergate
President Nixon resigns following the Watergate scandal -
Thatcher is elected Prime minister
Conservative Margret Thatcher becomes Britain's first female Prime Minister -
Falkland Islands
Argentina invades the British territory of the Falkland Islands; The Falkland War ends in a British victory the same year. -
Cold War ends
The Soviet Union breaks up; the cold war is over -
Diana
Princess Diana dies in a car-crash -
Good Friday Agreement
The Good Friday Agreement brings an end to "The Troubles" in Northern Ireland and establishes a devolved Northern Irish assembly. -
9/11
September 11 would change America forever. It would not only change how we did airport security, but it also changed the American attitude to revengeful against the Middle East. It also started the world's largest manhunt ever. -
War on Terror
President George W. Bush declares "War on terrorism". Invasion of Afghanistan by US and NATO forces -
Invasion of Iraq
Britain joins the USA in an invasion of Iraq (withdraws in 2011) -
London Underground
Terror bombing of the London Underground -
First Black President
Barack Hussein Obama was elected first black president of the United States: The US begins to withdraw from Iraq -
Ferguson Riot
The shooting of an unarmed black teenager by a white police officer sparks weeks of riots in Ferguson Missouri -
Brexit
Referendum on the EU ends in victory for the "leave" side: Cameron resigns and Theresa May becomes Prime Minister -
Trump becomes president
Democrat Hillary Clinton becomes first female presidential candidate from one of the major political parties; Republican candidate Donald J. Trump wins the presidential election -
Biden becomes President
The inauguration of Joe Biden as the 46th president of the United States took place on Wednesday, January 20, 2021, marking the start of the four-year term of Joe Biden as president and Kamala Harris as vice president. The 59th presidential inauguration took place on the West Front of the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C. Biden took the presidential oath of office, before which Harris took the vice presidential oath of office.