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James VI of Scotland takes the throne
Elizabeth I dies and James becomes the first ruler to have dominion over three seperate kingdoms at once (England, Scotland, and Ireland). -
First meeting of Catholic conspriators
Robert Catesby, a devout Catholic, was joined by his friends Thomas Wintor, Jack Wright, and Thomas Percy in order to plot the destruction of Parliament House. -
Final Details
In London, they went over the finals speculations. Fawke was to light the fuse and escape to continential Europe, and coinciding with the explosion, Digby was supposed to lead a rising in the Midlands and kidnap James' daughter Elizabeth. While in Europe, Fawkes would argue the plotter's case to continential governments and attempt to secure their acceptance or support. -
Busted
Salisbury ordered Westminster to be searched. They found Fawkes guarding the barrels of gunpowder and he was arrested. During a skirmish between the Sheriff of Worcestshire and the escaping men, Catesby and others were killed, Rookwood and grant were captured and five escaped. -
Trail and punishment
the rest of the conspirators were captured and the group was tried. They were all found of high treason and were hanged then drawn and qaurtered. The repercussions however proved to be devestating for the ordinary catholics, new laws were passed that prevented them from practising law, voting, serving as officers, and they were further blackened for the rest of the century. -
Charles the 1 comes to the throne
Charles was the second son of James VI of scotland (also known as James I of England) and he became the monarch of England, Scotland, and Ireland on March 27, 1625 -
Rebellion
Charles tries to introduce a new prayer book in Scotland and a major rebellion erupted. He didnt have enough money to raise an army against the Socts and was forced to summon a Parliament. The men who assembled however were unwilling to give the King support until he solved their problems. -
1640-1641 Political Problems Solved?
During 1640-1641, Charles 1's exclusive courts were abolished, his ministers were arrested or forced to flee, and his unpopular financial expedients were declared illegal -
Split
A split in Parliament and the country had emerged between those who wished for futher reform and those who felt that the recent changes had been sufficient. Friction was especially present between the religeous conservatives and the more "Godly" protestants. -
Outrage!
Charles strode into Parliament with a body of soldiers and demanded the 5 person's whom he had declared traitors. Not only did Charles fail to secrue the men (they escaped) but public opinion was outraged by his actions. Fearing for his life, Charles was forced to flee but war was inevitable. -
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First English Civil War
Royalists vs. Parliamentarians. At the heart of the conflict lay the policies and personality of Charles I. During the 1630s, his apparent determination to rule England without the assistance of Parliament, his introduction of all sorts of controversial
financial measures and his support for 'high-church' religious practices aroused considerable alarm. -
Battle of Southam
First sizeable encounter between the Royalist and Parliamentarian forces. -
Battle of Edgehill
Late on October 22, the two forces unexpectedly found that the enemy was close by. the next day, the Royalist army descended from Edge Hill to force battle. Both armies were made up of inexperienced and ill-equipped soldiers. Many men from both sides fled or slipped out to plunder the enemy baggage and neither army was able to gain a decisive victory. This inconclusive result prevented either faction from gaining a quick vicory in the war. -
Failed
The Royalist cause was lost as Charles was defeated by parliament's New Model Army at Naseby. Unwilling to surrender to the Parliamentarians, Charles gave himself up to the Scots instead but when they left England they handed him over to their parliamentarian allies. -
Charles' excecution
Charles was tried, found guilty of high treason, and beheaded. In the wake of the king's excecution, a republican regime was established in England. -
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Reconquest of Ireland
Oliver Cromwell was sent with a force to Ireland and they effectively completed their reconquest. -
Charles II
Charles I's oldest son came into an agreement with the Scots and was crowned Charles II of Scotland. Later that year, Charlse attempted to invade England with his Scottish army but he was defeated by Cromwell -
Oliver Cromwell
Oliver Cromwell was established as "lord protector" of the new Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland. Over the next 5 years, he was determined to establish a broad-based support for godly republican government. he hardly succeeded -
Cronwell's death and Charles' succession
Oliver Cromwell died and his son Richard resigned his role after eight months. Charles II was then invited to resume his father's throne and the monarchy was restored in May of 1660.