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Jul 19, 1553
Mary I Becomes Queen of England
When Mary I went to the English Throne, she then devoted all her time to the restoration of her Catholic faith. She was known as Bloody Mary for her religious persecutions. She married Phillip II of Spain. She had no children. -
May 27, 1564
Calvinism
In 1560, this became the highly known religion in Europe. John Calvin was the founder of Calvinism and was part of the Protestant movement. This conflict led to the religious wars that came over Europe in the 16th century. John Calvin died in 1564. -
Oct 7, 1571
Battle of Lepanto
This battle was won in 1571. Spain was the victorious ones over the Ottoman Empire. It started when King Philip II tried to convert the protestants to Catholicism. He still won the battle, but later he was not so successful. -
Defeat of the Spanish Armada
King Philip II wanted to attack England, his plan was to send the Spanish Armada to destroy England’s men, then invade the land. This was unsuccessful because of England’s faster ships. -
End of King Philip II Reign
King Phillip II left the country bankrupt, caused too many conflicts, and spent too much money on wars. He was ruler when the Spanish armada was defeated by the British. -
End of Tudor Dynasty
This dynasty ended in 1603. It was descended from Henry Tudor. It ended because Queen Elizabeth died in 1603. The Tudor dynasty ruled for 118 years. It was replaced by the Stuart dynasty. -
Dutch Resistance to Roman Catholicism
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Petition of Rights
The English Parliament formed a Petition of Rights in 1628. . The Petition of Rights limited the power of the king and was passed because Parialment was upset with what King Charles I was doing. -
Civil War of England
This civil war was proclaimed in 1642. It was fought between the Royalists (supporters of the king) and the Roundheads (supporters of the Parliament). This war was won lead by Oliver Cromwell. -
Charles I Executed
In 1649, Charles the First was executed for treason. Parliament was the thing that made Charles a dead man. After that the Parliament abolished the monarchy & Oliver Cromwell took over England. -
Oliver Cromwell's Death
Cromwell died in 1658. Cromwell was the dictator of England right before he died. Cromwell served as chief minister of Henry VII from 1532-1540. -
Monarch Restoration
In 1660, the army restored the monarchy. They realized nobody wanted a dictatorship. They then restored the monarch. Charles II took the throne. -
King James II Comes to Power
In 1685, King James II came to power after Charles II died. King James was a very strong Catholic guy and he let the Catholics higher up in rank. This didn’t go well with the Parliament and that led to more and more conflict. He was deposed in 1688. -
War of Spanish Succession
Since there was no one named to be heir to the throne to Charles II, a war broke out on who would take the throne. These wars were fought in the countries of Spain, Italy, Germany, and Holland, also at sea. The war was ended by the Treaty of Utrecht. -
War of Culloden
The Battle of Culloden took place in 1746. The British beat the Scots under Prince Charles at Culloden Moor. It was part of the religious wars in Britain.
