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Brahe made calculations which he believed to prove that the universe was geocentric, but mercury and venus revolved around the sun.
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Kepler, Brahe's assistant, secretly disagreed witth Brahe and after his death, used his findings to promote a copernacus based system with elliptical orbits.
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painted the sciences and the arts
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Jewish philosopher deeply influenced by science and rationality. He wrote the book Ethics, in which he was accused of relating G-d to nature too closely.
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viceroyes enforce laws
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cadiz and house of trade
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war of spanish succission
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war of jenkins ear vs england
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war with england
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Charles III
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Wrote inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations. He was the founder of laissez faire. He followed the four-stage theory.
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Viewed as important but easily suppressible
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Helps take over Uruguay, Paraguay, and Brazil.
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A priest who issued for Indian rebellions.
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Liberates Venezuela.
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Replaced Hidalgo, more radical, called for an end to forced labor.
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Said that stable nations could help unstable nations.
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Declares Mexico independent of Spain.
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Replaces Castlereagh. He was more interested in economics.
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Achieves peaceful independence.
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Thought of as a training ground for World War II