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after a three month seige of Quebec, Britian (under general James Wolfe) defeats the french (under general Moncalm)
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treaty allows france to keep two small islands off of newfoundland and labrador and 7 years was ends
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created a "boundary line" in which native americains were given land. this proclamation also outlawed settlement by British colonist on the native americain side and colonial officials were not allowed to grant land on the native americian side without authority without royal approval.
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quebec act allows Canadiens to maintain their french culture
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acknowledging the 13 colonies to be independent
establishes boundaries between north america and British north america -
americains - looking for gold beacuse they had lost theirs in the california gold rush
chinese - to escape war and famine and for gold
ireland - to escape the great potato famine (blight) -
an attempt to get resposible government
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recommended uniting two Canadas (upper and lower) and made responsible government
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guaranteed that no cheap wheat (corn called in Britain) would be imported
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lord elgin ( governor general of Canada) was force to sign this bill.
this bill gave money to compensate for the losses the citezens suffered during the rebellion -
while the legislative assembly were sitting in session the parialment building was burned down
this cause the parliament building's location to constantly change until 1858 when Ottwa is set as the parliament building's location. -
states that if you are caught holding or helping andy slaves you will be arrested
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gold is found in BC and many people from all over come and try to get some of the gold- many people end up settleing down in BC
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talked about uniting the marintime provinces
pei, new brunswick nova scotia and canada east and west were present -
reps from canada east and west, new foundland nova scotia new brunswick and pei were present
were considering joining the marintimes but in the end pei and newfoundland decided not to unite
72 resolutions were formed -
english were scared of the fenians coming and attacking them be going through the us
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the us buy alaska and canada fears that the us is planning to surround canada and take over it
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confederation is formed and Canada becomes its own country
currently consists of Canada east (Quebec), Canada west(Ontario), New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia -
the red river settlement first nations were pushed out of their land so that they could still hunt the buffalo. they moved to the blackfoot's land which forced the blackfoot people to move to the cree land.
this started a big war between the three tribes -
surveyers are sent to divide that land for the new settlers
metis and current settlers are not consulted, the retaliate by taking out the stakes and chains set up by the surveryers. -
first nations and canadian government came up with a treaty
first nations would give up land on a couple of conditions:
-they were given a reserve to live on
-they retain the right to hunt and fish
-they were given farming impelements and tools
- they were given and annual payment
-they were given schools -
canada buys ruperts land and change them to the north west territories
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louis riel lead about 400 metis and seized fort garry without any bloodshed
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reil mets with 12 english and 12 french representatives from the red river settlement
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some conditions included- north west territoes joining confederation, rights to their own legeslative assembly to pass local laws, separate schools for religion and money shared, both french and english cultures and people to be recongized, right for every male older than 21 to vote, and amesty for those involed in the resistance
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reil and metis surround Canadian party store and take pork
inprison 50 gaurds in fort garry -
provisional gov. set up after metis surround john schultz's house as a retaliation to the canadian party being formed
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thomas scott was a racist man. he beleived that the metis were inferior and were "acting out of line". when he was in the prison cell with the other prisoners, he was constantly bad mouhting the metis. later, he attempted an escape. although he managed to get away, he was soon recaptured ,tried, convivted of treason, and exucuted
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donald smith had donated a large amount of money to the CPR are was given the hounor of driving the last spike into the ground on nov. 1885
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bc joins canada as the 6th province
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john a. macdonald promises that within 10 years, a railway would connect BC to the rest of canada and that they would have trade with the rest of canada
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gave settlers a great amount of land out west (65 acres) on some conditions:
-settlers had to work and live on the land for 3 years
-if one person left the land during those three years, the entire family would forfeit the chance to obtain the land
-there was a $10 registration fee
there would be no migrating to canada east or west for you or your family
-no people older then 40 years old or people with disablitys were allowed, even if they had a family going -
pei joins confed after a failed attempt at creating their own railway and putting themselves into debt-macdonald agrees to take their debt
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indian status was started
-only full bred indians (no metis)
-indian status people lived on reserves and were supported by government but had no right to drink alcohol or vote
-if an indian woman married an no indian woman, the woman would lose indian status and the man would gain it
-timber could be taken from the reserves without giving any money to the first nations
-people with indian status could only vote and drink if they gave up indian status -
mcdonald creates national policy:
-raised tariffs on foreign manufactured goods – helping --canadians make imports more expensive
-reduced tariffs on imported raw materials.
-allowed manufacturers get cheaper materials
-transcontinental railway
-settlement of the West -
metis seizes protestant church, botoche, 2nd provisional gov. is set up
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metis tried to petition for rights but it was ignored
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luois riel is captured and tried fro high treason against the gov. and queen
although his lawyer told him to plead insane, he refused and was given a choice: death or prison
although the queen said that prison would be a better choice so that there would be no seriously angered people.
mcdonald refused the queen's advise and decided to hang riel publicly as a show of what he would do to people who went against the law -
canadaian party formed by john schultz so that angolophones and protestants could try and control red river