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7 years war
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britian defeats the french on the plains of abraham
after a three month seige of Quebec, Britian (under general James Wolfe) defeats the french (under general Moncalm) -
treaty of paris is signed by the french
treaty allows france to keep two small islands off of newfoundland and labrador and 7 years was ends -
royal proclamation
created a "boundary line" in which native americains were given land. this proclamation also outlawed settlement by British colonist on the native americain side and colonial officials were not allowed to grant land on the native americian side without authority without royal approval. -
quebec act is passed
quebec act allows Canadiens to maintain their french culture -
treaty of paris ends americain revolution
acknowledging the 13 colonies to be independent
establishes boundaries between north america and British north america -
the great migration begins
americains - looking for gold beacuse they had lost theirs in the california gold rush
chinese - to escape war and famine and for gold
ireland - to escape the great potato famine (blight) -
rebellion of 1837
an attempt to get resposible government -
act of union
recommended uniting two Canadas (upper and lower) and made responsible government -
repeal of the corn act
guaranteed that no cheap wheat (corn called in Britain) would be imported -
rebellion losses bill
lord elgin ( governor general of Canada) was force to sign this bill.
this bill gave money to compensate for the losses the citezens suffered during the rebellion -
burning of the parliament building
while the legislative assembly were sitting in session the parialment building was burned down
this cause the parliament building's location to constantly change until 1858 when Ottwa is set as the parliament building's location. -
fugitive slave act
states that if you are caught holding or helping andy slaves you will be arrested -
gold found
gold is found in BC and many people from all over come and try to get some of the gold- many people end up settleing down in BC -
charlettown conference
talked about uniting the marintime provinces
pei, new brunswick nova scotia and canada east and west were present -
quebec conference
reps from canada east and west, new foundland nova scotia new brunswick and pei were present
were considering joining the marintimes but in the end pei and newfoundland decided not to unite
72 resolutions were formed -
fenian annexation bill
english were scared of the fenians coming and attacking them be going through the us -
us prossible threat increases
the us buy alaska and canada fears that the us is planning to surround canada and take over it -
confederation
confederation is formed and Canada becomes its own country
currently consists of Canada east (Quebec), Canada west(Ontario), New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia -
warfare between cree blackfoot and red river settlement first nations
the red river settlement first nations were pushed out of their land so that they could still hunt the buffalo. they moved to the blackfoot's land which forced the blackfoot people to move to the cree land.
this started a big war between the three tribes -
surveyors
surveyers are sent to divide that land for the new settlers
metis and current settlers are not consulted, the retaliate by taking out the stakes and chains set up by the surveryers. -
treaty
first nations and canadian government came up with a treaty
first nations would give up land on a couple of conditions:
-they were given a reserve to live on
-they retain the right to hunt and fish
-they were given farming impelements and tools
- they were given and annual payment
-they were given schools -
north west territories
canada buys ruperts land and change them to the north west territories -
fort gary is seized in red river rebellion
louis riel lead about 400 metis and seized fort garry without any bloodshed -
negotiations are attempted
reil mets with 12 english and 12 french representatives from the red river settlement -
metis bill of rights
some conditions included- north west territoes joining confederation, rights to their own legeslative assembly to pass local laws, separate schools for religion and money shared, both french and english cultures and people to be recongized, right for every male older than 21 to vote, and amesty for those involed in the resistance -
metis rob store
reil and metis surround Canadian party store and take pork
inprison 50 gaurds in fort garry -
provisional gov.
provisional gov. set up after metis surround john schultz's house as a retaliation to the canadian party being formed -
thomas scott exucuted
thomas scott was a racist man. he beleived that the metis were inferior and were "acting out of line". when he was in the prison cell with the other prisoners, he was constantly bad mouhting the metis. later, he attempted an escape. although he managed to get away, he was soon recaptured ,tried, convivted of treason, and exucuted -
Period: to
construction of the CPR
donald smith had donated a large amount of money to the CPR are was given the hounor of driving the last spike into the ground on nov. 1885 -
BC joins confed.
bc joins canada as the 6th province -
promise
john a. macdonald promises that within 10 years, a railway would connect BC to the rest of canada and that they would have trade with the rest of canada -
dominion lands act
gave settlers a great amount of land out west (65 acres) on some conditions:
-settlers had to work and live on the land for 3 years
-if one person left the land during those three years, the entire family would forfeit the chance to obtain the land
-there was a $10 registration fee
there would be no migrating to canada east or west for you or your family
-no people older then 40 years old or people with disablitys were allowed, even if they had a family going -
pei joins confed
pei joins confed after a failed attempt at creating their own railway and putting themselves into debt-macdonald agrees to take their debt -
idian status
indian status was started
-only full bred indians (no metis)
-indian status people lived on reserves and were supported by government but had no right to drink alcohol or vote
-if an indian woman married an no indian woman, the woman would lose indian status and the man would gain it
-timber could be taken from the reserves without giving any money to the first nations
-people with indian status could only vote and drink if they gave up indian status -
national policy
mcdonald creates national policy:
-raised tariffs on foreign manufactured goods – helping --canadians make imports more expensive
-reduced tariffs on imported raw materials.
-allowed manufacturers get cheaper materials
-transcontinental railway
-settlement of the West -
protestant church seized
metis seizes protestant church, botoche, 2nd provisional gov. is set up -
petition for rights
metis tried to petition for rights but it was ignored -
louis riel arrested, tried and exucuted
luois riel is captured and tried fro high treason against the gov. and queen
although his lawyer told him to plead insane, he refused and was given a choice: death or prison
although the queen said that prison would be a better choice so that there would be no seriously angered people.
mcdonald refused the queen's advise and decided to hang riel publicly as a show of what he would do to people who went against the law -
canadian party was formed
canadaian party formed by john schultz so that angolophones and protestants could try and control red river