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Petition of Right
One of the major points of this document is that the implementation/changes of taxes had to be approved by Parliament. It was a step towards giving Parliament more power. It prevented the monarchy from adding unnecessary taxes.
Image Source: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/11/Petition_of_Right.jpg -
Period: to
English Civil War
Fought between Parliamentarians and Royalists (Parliament won) -
Publication of Leviathan by Thomas Hobbes
Hobbes' book Leviathan proposed that absolutism was the best way to rule. He thought that since people are inherently evil, they must be led by one singular power (the monarch). The publication angered Presbyterians and Parliament because it was not in favor of Parliament's shared power with the monarchy.
Image Source: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/87/Leviathan_libro.jpg -
English Civil War (Parliament's Victory)
In the English Civil War, Parliament went head to head with Royalists (those in favor of absolutism). Parliament won, and this led to a decrease in the monarchy's total power and an increase in Parliament's shared power. The image is an allegory of the Civil War.
Image Source:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Burton,_William_Shakespeare-_The_Wounded_Cavalier.jpg -
Beginning of the Restoration
The Restoration very much prompted Parliament to speak up against one completely centralized power between England, Ireland, and Scotland. Parliament did not really get along with Charles II who was the first ruler of the Restoration. [Charles II is pictured]
Image Source: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f6/Charles_II_of_England.jpeg -
Period: to
Restoration
English, Irish, and Scottish monarchies were combined under one rule. -
Habeas Corpus Act 1679
The Habeus Corpus Act of 1679 was written by Parliament. It prohibited the monarchy from prosecuting people who were detained for unnecessary reasons. It limits the power of the king.
Image Source: http://www.flickr.com/photos/breal/355057570/ -
Glorious Revolution
Parliament overthrew King James II (a group led by William III of Orange-Nassau, he then becamse William III of England and ruled together with Mary II). This was the last time the monarchy had total power over the nation it ruled. It also ended the reign of Catholics. [the image is William III]
Image Source: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/af/William_III_Landing_at_Brixham,_Torbay,_5_November_1688.jpg -
English Bill of Rights
Parliament declared that certain rights be given to all citizens of a constitutional monarchy. Some of these rights included: Laws should not be suspended/executed/dispensed by the monarchy without Parliament's consent
Protestants are allowed to have weapons for protection
Freedom of Speech and Debate
The monarchy cannot interfere with Parliament's elections
Image Source: <ahref='http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:English_Bill_of_Rights_of_1689.jpg' >Image Source</a>Parliament
