-
500 BCE
The Classical Period
Began in art, music, and architecture (Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven were composers) -
1215
The Magna Carta
Was signed establishing the foundations of English rights -
1543
Nicolaus Copernicus
Developed the heliocentric theory -
1543
Galileo
Used the telescope to support the proof of the heliocentric theory -
The Baroque Period
Began in art, music, and architecture (Bach and Handel were composers) -
Joannes Kepler
Discovered Planetary motion -
William Harvey
Showed That the heart acted as a pump circulated blood through the body -
The English Civil War
Began between the Roundheads (supporters of Parliament) and the Cavaliers (supporters of the King) -
Charles I of England
Was beheaded -
Thomas Hobbes
Published Leviathan – social contract (people give up rights to a strong ruler who maintains order) -
All weather roads
Were created to improve year round transport and trade -
Oliver Cromwell
Began his rule of England as the Lord Protector -
The Restoration of Charles II
The monarchy was put back in control in England -
Peter I
Became the czar of Russia -
The Palace of Versailles
was built under the reign of Louis XIV -
James II
Became the King of England -
Isaac Newton
Published his laws of gravity -
William and Mary
Became the leaders of England (this is referred to as the Glorious Revolution) -
The English Bill of Rights
Was passed laying out specific rights on Parliament and putting limits on royal power -
John Locke
Published Two Treatises on Government - it was his theory of “natural rights” (life, liberty, and property) -
Francois-Marie Arouet
Changed his name to Voltaire and goes on to champion individual freedoms -
The Age of Reason
(The Enlightenment) began -
St. Petersburg
Became the capital of Russia under Peter the Great -
The Westernization of Russia
Was started by Peter the Great -
Montesquieu
Published On the Spirit of Laws – detailing separation of powers in government -
Jean Jacques Rousseau
Wrote The Social Contract – free individuals create a society and government -
Louis XIV
Became king of France -
The American Revolution
Began which was heavily influenced by the Age of Enlightenment -
Thomas Jefferson
Wrote the Declaration of Independence -
The Constitution
Was ratified on the United States -
The Bill of Rights
(First 10 amendments) was added to the Constitution of the United States -
The French Revolution
Began having been influenced by the Enlightenment and the American Revolution -
The Storming of the Bastille
Was the symbolic start of the French Revolution -
Louis XVI
Was executed at the guillotine -
Marie Antoinette
Was executed at the guillotine -
The Reign of Terror
Marked a period of mass executions during the French Revolution -
Edward Jenner
Introduced the vaccine to proven small poxs -
Napoleon Bonaparte
Seized power in France in a coup d’etat -
The novel
Became a new form of literature (Miguel Cervantes wrote Don Quixote) -
Eugene Delacroix
Began the transition of art to the Romantic School
