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Mar 1, 1558
Virgin Queen Elizabeth
Died in 1603, after 44 years on the throne. -
The Commonwealth of England
-rule by the "Rump" Parliament
-Puritan reforms for the "nation's morals"
-Religious toleration for the 1st time -
James 1
Became king when Elizabeth 1 dies. He fought with Parliamentary over taxes and money. He founded Jamestown colony. He survived the Gunpowder Plot assassination attempt. -
Charles 1
- struggles with Parliament
- signs the Petition of Right-limits rights of the king
- After dissolving parliament, starts a civil war against the armies of Parliament
- executed for treason
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Petition of Right of 1628
-no taxes could be levied without Parliament's consent
-no english subject could be imprisoned without cause-thus reinforcing the right of habeas corpus
-no quartering of soldiers in citizens homes
-no martial law may be used in peacetime -
Oliver Cromwell
-puritan army general
-abolishes the monarchy
-rules as a military dictator
-has Charles 1 executed -
Charles 2
-exiled to France during Cromwell's rule
-restores the monarchy after Cromwell's death
-dissolves parliament
-known as the "Merry Monarch" -
James 2
-Brother of Charles 2
-roman catholic which upset protestants in England
-struggles with Parliament
-overthrown in the Glorious Revolution- "peaceful" -
Williams & Mary
-offered the thrown by Parliament
-Mary is James 2nd daughter
-begins a constitutional monarchy
-share power with Parliament -
English Bill of Rights
-a frequently summoned parliament and free elections
-members should have freedom of speech in parliament
-no armies should be raised in peacetime
-no taxes could be dispensed with, or suspended, without the consent of parliament
-no excessive fines should imposed, no cruel and unusual punishments inflicted