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Quebec was founded in 1608 by Samuel de Champlain as a colony of France.
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The fur trading company was created in 1627 and given the monopoly by the King, in exchange, they were responsible for populating the colony, they failed. Thus leading to the establishment of the Royal Government in 1663.
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In 1663, the Royal Government was established by the King of France in order to further develop the colony of New France. A governor and an intendant now controlled the colony. A Royal Government is not a democracy, the King rules and has absolute power.
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Monseigneur (Francois) de Laval was Quebec's first bishop and held high power. He had a seat on the Sovereign Council. The Catholic Church had a significant influence on the King and the colony. They were very active in colonial administration, the Church had many responsibilities, while the bishop used his power and influence to protect the interests of the Catholic Church.
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On August 4th, 1701, the Great Peace of Montreal was signed, which ended the Franco-Iroquois Wars. It was an agreement which the French left the Iroquois to trade freely and the Iroquois stayed neutral in French-British relations.
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The conquest, also knows as the sevens year war, was the war which the Brtissh won and took control of the then colony of New France (Canada).
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Although the war ended in Quebec (New France) it went on in Europe. And so, the Brtish had one in the colony but not back in Europe. Thus the military took charge. It only lasted for three years while the war continued, but for those years New France was under martial law.
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The Royal Proclamation was the order of the English language, British ways, and the Protestant religion. The French Canadians and the Catholic clergy began to feel threatened.
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Although the British Rule began in 1760, the territory only officially belonged to Great Britain in 1763 with the signing of the Treaty of Paris.
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The Quebec Act accepted the ways of the French and allowed the French civil law. As well as giving the clergy more freedom by being able to collect tithes and hold public office.
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The Constitutional Act separated the colony into two areas; Upper and Lower Canada. Political institutions were now allowed and a Legislative Assembly was added to the governmental structure.
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The 92 resolutions were a list of demands written by the Parti Patriote asking for Canada autonomy and a democratic government.
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The Patriotes started to get very upset and decided to take action. The groups would rally and riot and protest the refusal of their demands. In 1834 they demanded Quebec (Canada) autonomy along with other political demands. The Patri Patriote was composed of French-Canadians who were unhappy with their lack of power, they were led by Louis-Joseph Papineau.
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The Act of Union, formed both the Canada's to create the Province of Canada (United Canada). This led to the population receiving more government responsibility through the legislative assembly who could now elect members to the executive council.
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The British North America Act was the beginning of Canada becoming a federation. It joined Quebec, Ottawa, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick, the rest joined later on.
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The 1917 conscription crisis was both a military and political problem during the first world war. Many French Canadians did not want to enroll since they were treated as lesser people. This led the conscription being imposed.
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By 1918, women were finally given the right to vote by the federal government. Women fought for this right and obtained what they deserved. This act also demonstrates the little power the clergy then held, since they strongly opposed this right.
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Maurice Duplessis was the Premier of Quebec from 1936 to 1939 and 1944 to 1959. He stood for Quebec's autonomy.
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The padlock law was passed by the Union Nationale government when Maurice Duplessis was in power. The law protects the province of Quebec from communistic propaganda.
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Woman of Quebec only obtained the right to vote in 1940. They could vote in relation to the federal government since 1918. It was only by 1940 that they could vote in the provincial government.
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Conscription was implemented a second time, but now in relation to the second world war. The issue resided mainly in Quebec since the Fracophones would not enlist.
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The Godbout government began to nationalize electricity in 1944. But it was only finalized in 1962.
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The Front de liberation du Quebec (FLQ) was a Quebec independence group. They acted with terroristic ways and in October 1970 they kidnapped James Cross. Cross was a British diplomat and the acts of the FLQ were so strong and awful that the situation was named the October crisis.
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This referendum was organized by the Parti Quebecois (Pq) and had the citizens vote whether or not Quebec should have more autonomy. The majority said no, (Quebec stays a province of Canada).
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After the first referendum the Parti Quebecois didn't give up, and so in 1995 they held another one. Sovereignists and federalists were almost equal, but fortunately "No" won by a close 1.2%.
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The "Paix des Braves" was an agreement signed by the First Nations and the Quebec government. The agreement was needed because Quebec government was developing the Grande river hydroelectric project on First Nation territory. So, in 2002, Quebec gave the First Nations the recognition that they deserved.
