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The Aztecs were the most powerful indigenous people in the area. Hernán Cortés brought an army to defeat them. Their capital, Tenochtitlan, fell first and Hernán Cortés named it Mexico City.
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Some revolutionists try to overthrow the government. None of them succeed, including Martín Cortés, Hernán's illegitimate son.
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Miguel Hidalgo and Ignacio Allende start the revolution early because they are wanted as criminals. Miguel gives his "El Grito de Dolores" speech, sparking the revolution. Miguel is now known as the "Father of Mexican Independence."
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Miguel and his militias head for Mexico city, leaving a trail of blood behind them, which he later regretted.
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The revolutionists are defeated in Calderón. As Hidalgo fled north, he was captured. He was executed in Chihuahua by a firing squad.
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Even after Miguel's death, the revolution continues. Different leaders arise including María Morelos y Pavón and Mariano Matamoros.
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Mexican National Anthem
The war is ended with the Treaty of Cordába with Mexico becoming an independent constitutional monarchy under Agustín de Iturbide. -
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The monarchy was overthrown 18 months after it was created by Antonio López de Santa Anna and Guadalupe Victoria to create the first Mexican Republic.
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Today, Mexican Independence Day is celebrated on September 15th and 16th with parades, reenactments, dancing, food, and fireworks.
