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A "literary" group was formed by a group of creoles to plan a conspiracy against the Peninsulares and the Spanish government. The group was formed by Miguel Hidalgo, Ignacio Allende, Josefa Ortiz de Dominguez and many others.They plan to overthrow Spanish government and create a new one that gives equal opportunities for peninsulares and creoles. This marks the start of the movement against the Spaniards.
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This is the first part of the Mexican War for Independence. The rebels begin the movement and they are successful at first by winning many battles. They fail to attack to take over Mexico City and so they were then captured and executed.
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Word about the conspiracy reaches the Spaniards; they go to Epigmenio Gonzalez's house in Queretaro and they discovered the conspiracy so they arrested him. Josefa Ortiz de Dominguez was able to get the word out to Migue Hidalgo, Ignacio Allende and Juan Aldama that they were discovered. If it weren't for Josefa, Miguel Hidalgo and the rest would have been captured.
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In the village of Dolores, Guanajuato, Hidalgo rangs the church bells to get the indigenous people and mestizos gathered around the church. He encourages them to fight against the Spaniards. Miguel uses a banner of the Virgin of Guadalupe as symbol to encourage them to fight. They go to San Miguel de Allende and they go on a killing spree of the Spaniards and destroyed the city.
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Hidalgo arrives to Guanajuato with his people. The rebels are led by El Pipila to attack the fortress where the Spaniards are hidden. They set fire to the wooden door and all the Spaniards inside are killed. Legend says that El Pipila used a rock on his back to avoid missles and then he burned the door with a torch he carried.
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The rebels head towards Mexico City. In Monte de Las Cruces the rebels beat the Spaniards due to their superior amount of soldiers. Hidalgo decided not to attack Mexico City because of the amount of deaths during battle and fear of the chaos.
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Rebels were headed towards Guadalajara. General Felix Maria Calleja orders the royalist troops near Calderon Bridge, before they could reach Guadalajara. An explosion causes the scatter the rebel troops and the royalists win the battle. Miguel Hidalgo was captured.
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Miguel Hidalgo was captured and he was ordered to walk in chains all the way to Chihuahua. The captured rebels were executed for treason. Miguel Hidalgo is trialed and found guilty of treason. He is executed. This is the end of Hidalgo's movement and the start of the a new stage of this war.
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After Hidalgo's death, Jose Maria Morelos, a mestizo priest, takes charge of the movement. Morelos knew that the rebels had to be better trained in a military manner. He trained a small army using guerrilla tactics. Morelos organized a congress in Chilpancingo in where they declared themselves free from the Spanish crown.
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This is the second stage of the Mexican independence movement. Morelos takes matters into his hands. He developes a better trained yet small army. He creates a constitution but fails to follow through with it. He is captured and executed.
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The delegates move to Apatzingan, where they began to form and finalize the new constitution their independent nation would live by. It declared that there would be equal division of power between the creoles and peninsulares, there would be no slavery and there would be no division of the people into castes. However, it did not make much of an impact and the constitution was majorly ignored.
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In Temalaca, Puebla, the rebeles were commanded by Morelos to fight against the royalist troops. The battle resulted in a victory for the Spanish royalists. At the end of the battle, Morelos was captured.
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This is the third stage of the Mexican Independence. The movement involved guerrilla fighting for the next five years. Guadalupe Victoria in Puebla and Veracruz and Vicente Guerrero in Oaxaca were the new rebel leaders after Morelos died. The rebels became undefeatable. Viceroy Apodaca decided to offer an indulto to Guerrero and whomever stopped fighting. Guerrero refused this offer.
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Morelos was escorted to Mexico City after the battle, tried for treason, and executed like Hidalgo. This marks the end of Morelo's movement against the Spanish and a new stage of the war made up of guerrillas.
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General Iturbide asks Guerrero to meet with him to talk about making an alliance against the Spanish crown. Together they issued the Plan de Iguala. The plan Stated that they were going to become a Limited Monarchy. The plan guaranteed equality amongst the creoles and the peninsulares, Roman Catholisism would be the official religion of the country and complete freedom from Spain. The Ejercito de las Tres Garantias was put under Iturbide's command to guarantee these promises.
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This is the fourth and final stage of the fight for Mexican Independence. Iturbide decided to join the rebels in the fight for Independence. His real plan is to become emperor of Mexico. He and Vicente Guerrero wrote the Plan de Iguala which declares Mexico's independence from Spain officially. The viceroy had to choice but to accept their incependence.
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Viceroy Apodaca resigned and Spain sent Viceroy O'Donoju to replace him. Itrubide, along wtih Vicente Guerrero and Guadalupe Victoria, marched into Mexico City. He had no other choice but to sign the Treaty of Cordoba; Mexico had finally gained their full independence from Spain. Iturbide' declared himself the emperor of Mexico.
