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Jun 15, 1215
Parliament of England
Parliament of England was established by King William of Normandy to give him advice. However, the following kings were failed to control the Parliament's power. The Parliament started to have its own military and power over the king. These factors led to the limited monarchy in England and the following success in wars for the Parliament to fight against its king. -
Petition of Right
The Parliament passed the Petition of Right to limit the King Charles I's power and his desire for absolute monarchy. In this case, it contains restrictions on non-Parliament taxation, military and imprisonment without cause. King Charles I's power over his kingdom was greatly decreased. This bill was highly influential and effective to limit monarchy power. -
Grand Remonstrance
During the Long Parliament, it was one of the chief events in civil war. This is the outlines of King Charles' crimes and overusing of power. This became the basis of later act of rights and spirit of parliament's revolution. -
Civil War
A series of wars between Parliamentarians and Royalists broke up. The first and second wars were between the supporters of King Charles I against the supporters of the Long Parliament. And the third one was between supporters of King Charles II and the supporters of the Rump Parliament. The final result was the victory for Parliament and execution for Charles I. -
Execution of Charles I
After King Charles I was defeated, he was executed by his Parliament. He was judged as treason by his own country. He became the first king to be executed by his people as result of his failed absolutism. From then on, the seed of freedom was planted in England. This led to later glorious revolution --- a more restricted monarchy. -
Glorious Revolution
The glorious revolution is the most proud part for any British people. It is non-violence and no casualty revolution In this changing of power. King James II was abolished by the Parliament and replaced by William and Mary. This is a great victory for the Parliament, because their limited monarch is continued. The revival of absolutism of James II was eliminated. This marked the lasting limited monarch of England. -
Bill of Rights 1689
After the victory of glorious revolution, William and Mary agreed to pass the bill of right to enforce their limited monarch. It granted every British rights and freedom. And the king's power was greatly limited, including limited military, limited taxation, limited politics power and limited freedom. Also Catholics couldn't be the king of England. These laws gave Parliaments great power over the king, and the king's actual power wasn't exist.
