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François Dominique took charge of a slave revolt on the French side of the Spanish island
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Jacques Dessalines finally defeated the French troops
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Haiti's independence was declared
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Napoleon invades Portugal and Juan VI decides to rebuild in Brazil.
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The priest Miguel Hidalgo placed himself at the head of the indigenous and peasants and launched, as we have seen, the "cry of independence" in the town of Dolores. Throughout three years he obtained triumphs with his army and occupied several cities in Mexico, but was defeated in Guadalajara and executed by the royalist authorities.
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Simón Bolívar was named new military leader
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liberated Mérida and Caracas in the so-called Admirable Campaign, cities that gave him the title of "Liberator", united forever to his first name.
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Fernando II returns to the throne and patriotic military campaigns persisted in Venezuela and the Río de la Plata
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The priest José Morelos led the second stage of the revolution.
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He promoted a legal reform, declaring Brazil as the territorial base of the "Empire of Brazil, Portugal and the Algarve". Thus, Rio de Janeiro becomes the seat of an absolute monarchy, as well as those of Europe, and more colony.
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To quell the independence movement, Fernando VII ordered to organize the so-called "Peace Expedition" which, under the command of Marshal Pablo Morillo, set sail from Cádiz
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A group of conservative creoles proclaimed independence
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Juan VI returns to Portugal and declares his son Pedro de Braganza as governor of Brazil.
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Guatemala with its provinces declared its independence from the Spanish Crown.
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Haitian troops subdued the eastern part of the island of Hispaniola, which would regain its independence from Haiti
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abdicated and was succeeded by his son, Pedro II
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Antonio López de Santa Anna was proclaimed President of the Republic
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Guatemala and its provinces formed an independent state, of a federal nature, with the name of United Provinces of Central America, being its capital city of Guatemala. However, the local oligarchies promoted the separation which led to a great civil war. But Guatemala could not win.
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Spain only recognized the independence of Mexico
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lo que se llamará el República Dominicana no logrará la independencia de España.
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what will be called the Dominican Republic will not achieve independence from Spain.
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There was a war that left the country devastated.
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there was the cry of Lares, of independence against Spain..
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Kingdom Pedro II reigned until the first republic was proclaimed.
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José Martí organizes the Cuban Revolutionary Party and goes to look for the old leaders of the revolution and unifies the different currents, builds a small army and lands in Cuba. But Martí dies in one of the combat actions, but the revolutionary army continues to fight.
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The United States does not want to lose the opportunity to seize the isma that is the largest in Antilla and after the explosion of the battleship Maine in the port of Havana and declares war on Spain.
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The intervention of the United States precipitated the Spanish defeat and Cuba proclaimed its independence.
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Panama belonged to the viceroyalty of New Granada and became independent with Colombia, but was separated by direct action by the United States to control the Panama Canal and promoted the formation of a separate republic.
