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King James I
1603-1625, He commissioned the King James Authorized version of the Bible, published in 1611, religious policy- asserting supreme authority and divine right of the crown and suppressing both Puritans and Catholics who objected. Foreign Policy- achieving closer relationships with Spain. He wanted to compromise politically which stabalized his reign. -
King Charles I
1625-1649, Charles believed in divine right and struggled to control parliament who resented his attempts at absolute rule. wanted to dissolve parliament. Ship Money tax to raise funds without the consent of Parliament. Petition of right- rights and liberties of the subject. Limitations- Short Parliament refused to grant money until grievances were redressed. Charles went to war with Parliement and House of Commons tried Charles and condemned him to death. -
English Commonwealth
1649-1660. ruled by Oliver Cromwell -
King Charles II
1660-1685, Declaration of Breda- proposing general amnesty and freedom of conscience. The Act of Uniformity- required all Puritans to accept the doctrines of the Church of England. Secret Treaty of Dover- promised Louis XIV of France he would declare himself a Catholic, re-establish Catholicism in England, and support the French King's projected war against the Dutch. Declaration of Indulgence- suspending all penal laws against Catholics and Dissenters. -
King Charles II
Limitations- Parliament forced Charles to withdraw the Indulgence and accept a Test act excluding all Catholics from office and end the Dutch war. -
King James II
1685-1688, Limtations- Exclusion Bill- exclude James from succesion and subsitute Charle's illegitimate son Duke of Monmouth. Declaration of Indulgence- suspend the Test Act and promote his Catholic supporters in Parliament -
King William III and Queen Mary II
1689-1702, assume the throne, sign English Bill of Rights- prevented Catholics for succeeding to the throne, and made monarchy below parliament