history By khadijahwaller16 1492 spain expelled the muslims and jews 1492 spain expelled the muslims and jews 1533 ivan iv the terrible became the czar of russia 1553 henry iv became the king of the bourbon dynasty in france 1556 phillip ll became the leader of spain 1563 phillip ll palace, escorial , was built 1566 james 1 became the king of england 1568 the dutch revolt against spanish rule began 1572 st. bartholomews day massacre occured 1581 the dutch republic was created 1588 phillip ll´s spanish armada was defeated by england 1598 henry iv issued the edict of nantes 1599 oliver cromwell became the lord protector of the commonwealth in england 1605 miguel cervantes published don quixote 1618 beginning of the thirty year war 1619 jean baptite colbert became the minister of finance in france 1630 charles ll became the king of england 1633 james ll became the king of england 1638 louis xiv became the king of france 1638 louis xiv palace of versailles was completed 1640 frederick william became the elector of brandenburg 1642 the english civil war began 1648 the peace of westphalia ending the thirty year war 1662 william and mary became the king and queen of england 1670 charles l signed the petition of right in england 1685 charles vi became the hapsburg ruler 1689 the english bill of rights was issued in england 1696 peter l the great became the czar of russia 1696 peter l moved the capital of russia to st. petersburg 1712 frederick ll the great became the leader of prussia 1713 treaty of utrecht was signed ending the war of the spanish succession 1740 the war of the austrian succession began 1748 the treaty of aix-la-chapelle was signed 1763 the seven years war began