-
Began his reign
-
Rurik monarch who united Russia after the expulsion of the Mongols
-
era of great cultural achievement for Spain; included the works of Cervantes and El Greco
-
He began his reign
-
Tudor monarch who established the Church of England as a means of obtaining a divorce from Catherine of Aragon
-
Began his reign
-
murderous Rurik czar who ruled using terror and intimidation
-
Hapsburg monarch whose main goal was to promote Catholicism throughout his kingdom; built a combination monastery/palace called El Escorial
-
Began his reign
-
Began her reign
-
Tudor monarch who found a way to create a compromise between Catholics and Protestants in the Church of England; brought an end to most of the religious strife that had occurred during the reigns of Edward VI and Mary I
-
Dutch eventually gained their independence after rebelling against Philip’s attempts to force them to be Catholic
-
Spanish navy defeated by English; signified the decline of Spanish hegemony
-
era of famine and political unrest which occurred between the death of Ivan the Terrible and the establishment of the Romanov dynasty
-
Began his reign
-
Stuart monarch who argued with Parliament about combining England and Scotland
-
Began his reign
-
Stuart monarch who was supported by the Cavaliers in the English Civil War, and was executed in 1649
-
Cavaliers (Royalists) fought with Roundheads (Puritans in Parliament); Roundheads won and established a funless theocracy led by Oliver Cromwell
-
He began his Reign
-
Bourbon monarch who was the quintessential absolute monarch; famous for calling himself ‘the Sun King’ and saying ‘L’etat c’est moi.’
-
time period during which England was ruled as a Puritan theocracy by Oliver Cromwell
-
French revolt which occurred when Louis XIV’s regent tried to tax the nobles
-
Began his reign
-
Stuart monarch associated with the Restoration
-
former hunting lodge outside Paris which Louis XIV had turned into an opulent Baroque palace which he used to limit the power of the nobles
-
examples include the Nine Years’ War, the War of Devolution, and the War of Spanish Succession; all were fought in an attempt to gain territory for France (and none were very successful)
-
English legislation that Charles II agreed to which excluded Catholics from public office
-
Began his reign
-
Romanov czar who attempted to westernize Russia and who fought with Sweden and the Ottoman Empire to gain ports
-
He began his reign
-
openly Catholic Stuart monarch who abdicated in 1688 when his son-in-law and daughter came to overthrow him
-
bloodless overthrow of James II in England by William III of Orange and Mary
-
document signed by William and Mary which asserted Parliament’s power of the purse and stipulated that monarchs could not keep a standing army without Parliament’s consent
-
Peter the Great’s war which was waged against Sweden in an attempt to gain ports along the Baltic Sea
-
western-style city built by Peter the Great on a site that he had captured from Sweden; featured Peterhof, a Baroque palace
-
Began his reign
-
Hohenzollern monarch whose militaristic rule of Prussia helped to expand its territory
-
began when Frederick the Great seized an Austrian province upon the beginning of the reign of Maria
Theresa -
began when Frederick the Great invaded Saxony; resulted in a huge colonial empire for England and a Prussian/Russian alliance
