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Apr 5, 1462
Ivan III of Russia
Ivan ruled Russia 4/5/1462-11/6/1505.He died from a stroke. He was known for the following:
1. Ivan fought the Battle of Shelon River
2. Gatherer of the Russian lands.
3. He ruled in Autocratic form
4. Endorsed Orthodoxy.
Connected through the Vasilyevich family. His receives a B because he was all about expanding and improving his empire. Only violence he was invovled in was the Battle of Shelon River. He improved autocratic form, endorsed orthodoxy and gained more land for Russia. -
Period: Jan 1, 1500 to
Reign of the European Monarchy
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Apr 21, 1509
Henry VIII
Henry ruled England from 4/21/1509-1/28/1547. Kell positive and suffered from McLeod syndrome. He was famour for:
1. Henry expanded the Royal Navy from 5 to 53 ships.
2. He loved palaces; he began with a dozen and died with 55
3.Henry renewed his father's friendship with Louis XII of France, an issue which divided his council. 4. Henry decided to take England out of the war before his ally, signing the Treaty of the More on 30 August 1525. Son of Henry VII. A-He was smart and conservative. -
Mar 14, 1516
Charles I of Spain
Charles I was the first monarch of Spain. He ruled from 3/14/1516- 1/16/1556. He ruled and then retired from office. Some of the major events that occured during his rule were as follows:
1. Italian wars V France
2. Fought Protestants
3. Colonization of Americas
4. 5 ships to Megellan
He was a member of the Hapsburg house. Married Isabella of Portugal. I would give him a B.He was a great leader but he was religiously oppresive towards Protestants. -
Jan 28, 1547
Edward VI
Edward VI partially ruled England from1/28/1547-7/6/1553. He died before he had power of Tuberculosis. Important events:
1. An expensive war with Scotland, at first successful, ended with military withdrawal from Scotland. 2.The transformation of the Anglican Church into a recognisably Protestant body also occurred under Edward. 3. Religion became of importance. Son of Henry VIII. Would die to young for a heir. D- he wasnt much of a King. -
Jul 19, 1553
Mary I
Bloody Mary ruled England from 7/19/1553-11/17/1558. She died of cancer. She is known for these events:
1. Her intense religous intolerance and Protestant persecution.
2. The return of the Roman Cathloic church.3. Mary's father-in-law abdicated andPhilip became King of Spain, 4. She had formed a marrige treaty with the King of Spain, Philip. Daughter of Henry VIII. D. She was unruley and agressive and became power hungry. She did start the economy in a good direction which Elizabeth finished. -
Dec 12, 1553
Ivan IV of Russia
Ivan IV ruled Russia12/12/1533-1/26/1547.(Stroke)
1.Suspicious of advisors, killed supporters after his wife's death
2.Killed his own son, next czar
3.Promoted military officers on merit;
4.Drew up legal code, expand borders & trade-expanded into Poland which established a sphere of influence that lasted until the 20th century.
Grandson of Ivan III. D-Improved Russia's governmental administration and contributed to the nation's culture. However he became paranoid and started killing people. -
Jan 16, 1556
Philip II
Philip II ruled from 1/16/1556-9/13/1598 until he died from cancer.
1. He colonized the Philipines
2. Dutch Republic
3. Spanish Armada
4. Defended the catholic church
He was the son of Charles I and Isabella of portugal. I would give him a B. He provided a solid military and exspansion, but like his father he defended the Catholic Church and oppressed the Protestants. -
Nov 17, 1558
Elizabeth I
Elizabeth ruled from 11/17/1558-3/24/1603. She died of some fatal illness. She is famous for the following:
1.-England significantly expanded its trade overseas
2. Returned the Anglican Church
3. She had a great relationship with Parliament allowed then to speak. 4. Called Parliament into session 10 times in 45-year reign
She was the daughter of Henry VIII. B. She had great period of flourishing art and literature. She also built good relations with Parliament. -
Henry IV
Henry IV rulled France from 8/2/1589-5/14/1610 until he was assasinated at the end of his reign. Some major events that happened under his leadership are as follows:
1. United the kingdom and achieved peace at home and abroad.
2. Signed Edict of Nantes
3. Won war of 3 Henrys 4. Converted to Catholicism in order to gain support from the majority Catholic French population during the elections and his reign.Tenth generation descendant of Louis IX in the male line. A- He was a magnifecent leader. -
Henry IV
Henry IV ruled France from 8/2/1589-5/14/1610. He was assasinated which ended his reign. Some things he is known for is as follows:
1. -
Philip III
Philip III ruled Spain from 9/16/1598-3/31/1621. He died from the heat of a brasero. Four events that he is known for are as follows:
1. Made peace with France
2. Reinforced wit new territories in Alsace
3. Dominant in the Empire
4. Successful campaign against the Dutch
He was the son of Philip II and was a Hapsburg. I would give him an A in military problem solving and foreign relations. But was not acceptable in religious tolerance. -
James I
James I ruled England from 3/24/1603-3/27/1625. He died from a stroke. He is infamous for the following events:
1. He imposed his own Tobacco tax.
2. He was bad with Parliments money, to the point he couldn't receive
3. First of Stuart dynasty.
4. He published his own bible. King James Bible
He was the son of Henry and Mary Stuart. D. He was cocky, nieve and an around bad leader. He was far too young to rule a country, politically or defensively. -
Louis XIII
King Louis XIII reigned over France from 5/14/1610-5/14/1643 until h died from tuberculosis. 4 major events of his are as follows:
1.Appointed Cardinal Richelieu to be his chief minister 2.Louis personally led a campaign in Italy to stop Spanish expansion 3.Centralisation of the administration and patronage of the arts
4. Participating in the Thirty Years' War against the House of Habsburg. He is also the Heir to the throne as the son King Henry IV. He receives a B- for not allowing a Treaty. -
Michael I of Russia
Michael ruled Russia from 2/21/1613-7/12/1645.Cause of death unknown. He is known for:
1. Peace of Stolbovo
2. Truce of Deulino
3. Father returned from exile and basically controlled the government until 1633
4. Battle of Smolensk
Kin of Ivan’s 1st wife B-While life was good under his reign, his father deserves much of the credit because his Father returned from exile and basically controlled the government until 1633. -
Ferdinand II of the HRE
Ferdinand ruled Central Europe from 1618-2/15/1637.
1.Thirty Years’ War
2.Treaty of Westphalia
3.Named Holy Roman Emperor
4.Shut down 2 protestant churches
House of Hapsburg. B- Everything had a positive effect on society with the exception of the thirty years war. -
Philip IV
Philip IV was the ruler and monarch of Spain from the time 3/31/1621-9/17/1665. His death was unspecified in many sources. He is famous for the following:
1. The Treaty of Madrid
2. The Treaty of Münster
3. He was the Catholic King of the Spains
4. In the end he had left regent power to Mariana
Philip IV is the son and heir to the throne of Philip III. I would give him a grade of B. He was in general a good problem solver but he didnt really know how to run a country. He lost his faith. -
Charles I(England)
Charles ruled from 3/27/1625-1/30/1649. He was beheaded for treason. He was known for:
1. He was rejected money from Parliament as was James.
2. Taxation without Representation.
3. Petition of Rights
4. 30 years war
He was the second heir to the Stuart Dynasty. F- He was horrible to the people of the Kingdom. He also doesn't agree with Parliament, which is a problem. -
Frederick William of Prussia
Frederick ruled Prussia from 12/1/1640-4/29/1688 Famous for the following:
1.Restored Hohenzollern claims after 30 years war 2.Strengthened army
3.Centralized political administration
4.Granted asylum to Huguenots from France
House of Hohenzollern A-Frederick William restored the Hohenzollern family to a European power. Through economic, political, and militaristic reforms, he proved to be a great leader. -
Louis XIV
Louis XIV ruled France from 5/14/1643-9/1/1715 until he died of Gangrene. He will be remembered through these events:1. Effect of Louis's wars in expanding France stronger defense 2.Preserving France from invasion until the Revolution. 3. significant reduction in civil wars and aristocratic rebellions as the result of Louis's consolidation of royal authority. 4. Louis patronised the arts, encouraged industry, fostered trade. Son of Louis XIII. A- He was more political and less materialistic. -
Oliver Cromwell
Cromwell ruled England from 12/16/1653-9/3/1658. He died of Malaria. He is known for these events:
1. Leviathan is written by Thomas Hobbes
2. Leader of the roundhouse troops
3. Rump Parliament
4. Era of Religous Tolerance
He is the son of Robert Cromwell and Elizabeth Steward Cromwell. He gets an A for reforming the mistakes made in the past by unruly kings and queens. In his short rule he made quite the change in England and made it more peaceful indeed. -
Charles II
Charles II ruled England from 4/23/1660-2/6/1685. He died of apopleptic fit. He is known for the following events:
1.Charles signed a secret treaty with Louis XIV of France
2.Clarendon Code
3. Conflicts with Parliament
4. Great Plague and Great Fire
He is the son of Charles I. B- He sold part of his country instead of rebuilding it and making it better and that is not what a king should do. -
Charles II
Charles II ruled Spain from 9/17/1665-11/1/1700. He eventually died from Uraemic Convulsions. Some things he will be remebered for are as followed:
Charles gave regency to mom as he was 4. His death in 1700 ended in the twelve-year War of the Spanish Succession. Last of the Hapsburgs. Francisco Lazeano named Caroline Islands in the Pacific Ocean after him. Charles II is a Hapsburg and is son of Philip IV. He was the last Hapsburg. I would give him a D. He didnt part take in barely any government -
Peter the Great of Russia
Peter ruled well from 5/7/1682-2/8/1725. He is known for:
1. Founded the Romanov dynasty
2. Ended the time of troubles (political and social chaos
3. Peasantry was further reduced to serfdom
4. Peace was temporarily obtained with Poland and Sweeden Son of Feodor Nikitich Romanov & Xenia. A- Everything he did was for the good of the people. He ended the things that were bad for them and promoted peace for everyone. -
James II
James II ruled England from 2/6/1685-12/23/1689. Until he died from sickness and age. He is famous for the following:
1. He converted the Roman Catholicism for a second marriage
2. Glorious Revolution
3. Battle of the Boyne
4. Rebellion in the south(England)
Son of Charles I of England. He gets an A for causing a great revolution that was for the greater of Europe. Plus he ruled over many titles. -
Frederick I of Prussia
Fred ruled Prussia from 4/29/1688-2/25/1713. Known for the following events:
1. Founded city of Friedrichstadt
2. Persuaded Leopold I, Archduke of Austria and Holy Roman Emperor, to allow Prussia to be elevated to a kingdom
3. Alliance against King Louis XIV of France in the War of the Spanish Succession
4. Crowned himself on 18 January 1701 in Königsberg (Prussia).
Son of Frederick WilliamC for finding the city of friedrichstadt and elevating Prussia to be a kingdom. -
Mary II
Mary was Queen from 2/13/1689-12/28/1694. Died of Smallpox.
1.Glorious Revolution gave power to her and her husband 2. Passed The Bill of Rights
3. Passed the Toleration Act-She ruled under a Constitutional Monarchy where monarchy was limited
4. Daughter of James and first wife Anne Hyde.
B-She kept the peace in england. She had the Constitutional monarchy. She would take over when the king left, but she was in the wrong when she limited catholics freedom of worship. -
William III of England
William ruled from 2/13/1689-3/8/1702. He died of pneumonia. William is credited with things like:
1.The Invasion of England
2.Disaster year 1672
3.English Succession.
4.Ruled w/ Mary II
Son of Mary I. He receives a B because he also helped with the bill of rights and the glorious revolution. He fixed up England after the very bad times that they had experienced right before he came into power. -
Philip V
Philip V would rule Spain from 11/16/1700-1/14/1724. He died from a stroke. His legacy is as follows:
1. He made merit the most important
2. his death in 1700 resulted in the twelve-year War of the Spanish Succession.
3.The first of the Bourbon family to rule Spain.
4. After he resigned from the Spanish throne he bcame King of France.
He is the Grandson of Louis XIV. I would give him a C. He was ruler of two very powerful nations, he was also an absolute monarch in both. -
Charles VI of HRE
Charles ruled the HRE from 10/12/1711-11/20/1740. Death unknown. Famous for:
1. War of Austrian Succession
2. Pragmatic Sanction
3. War of the Spanish Succession
4. Treaty of Vienna
Hapsburg House. C- He was invovled in two wars and two treaties which means he was ok with violence but he got the job done and got results. -
Frederick Wiliam I of Prussia
Fredrick W I ruled Prussia from 2/25/1713-5/31/1740. Died from eating death cap mushrooms.He is known for the following:
1. Treaty of Utrecht ratified
2. Pragmatic sanction
3 .Waged a productive conflict against the Ottoman Empire
4. Death sparks war of Austrian succession
Great-grandson of Ferdinand II. B-for pragmatic sanction and ratifying the treaty of utrecht, but caused conflict with ottoman empire. -
Louis XV
Louis XV ruled France from 9/1/1715-5/10/1774. He died from Small pox. Some major events that occured are as follows:
1. Dismissal of Bourbon and Appointment of Fleury
2. Treaty of Vienna
3. Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle
4. Became the Dauphin of France
Great-grandson of Louis XIV. He was a peace seeker. I would give him an A for leadership and sportsmanship. -
Maria Theresa
Maria ruled the HRE from 10/20/1740-11/29/1780.: Died from small pox.
1. War of Austrian Succession
2. 7-Year's WarEvent
3. Education reform, established schools
4. Abolished torture House of HapsburgB- Alough the country endured 2 small wars under her reign, she herself managed to do a lot of good with moving towards better education and human rights. -
Catherine II of Russia
Catherine ruled 7/9/1762-11/6/1796. Died of a stroke. Famous for the following:
1. Expanded the borders of Russia into the Ottoman and Polish territory
2. War with Poland
3. Continued the modernization and westernization of Russia that Peter I had started
4. Pugachev's Rebellion
Married to grandson of Peter the great, a RomanovGrade: A: Much like Peter I she did a lot to make Russia competitive with the rest of Europe and improve it's position. -
Louis XVI
Louis XVI served as King of France from 5/10/1774-9/21/1792. Until his death by Guilllatine Four major events during his reign:
1. signing of the Edict of Versailles. 2. Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen. 3.Louis XVI was convinced by Pierre Beaumarchais to secretly sign a formal Treaty of Alliance. 4. French naval blockade forced a British army under Lord Cornwallis to surrender at the Siege of Yorktown. He was the Grandson of Louis XV. B- He was a good leader but a bad person.
