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The Iroquois, whose main source of economy was agriculture, gave farming surplus to the Algonquians, in exchange for hunting surplus, as their main economic activity was hunting
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After John Cabot's discovery, Newfoundland in 1497, Bretons and Basques fished cod near Labrador and Newfoundland. Catholics weren’t allowed to eat meat for almost 100 days a year, therefore there was a large demand for fish. Fishermen weren’t able to transport fresh fish back to Europe because it was too far, so they had to dry and salt the fish.
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A monopoly (full control) of the fur trade was given to merchant companies by the King. This allowed the industry to thrive, in addition to making alliances with the Amerindians to improve their system of trade.
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Cardinal Richelieu founded this company in 1627, along with 99 other French shareholders. The company rebuilt the Québec training post and was a trading and colonizing company.
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The King establish a system that enriches the mother country while profiting from the colony. This system was based on how much gold and silver he country had. Policies were added to reinforce this system.
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Talon had a goal of making the colony economically independent. He founded a naval shipyard in the Quebec City and imported farm animals.
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Pierre-Esprit Radisson and Médard Chouart Des Groseilliers founded the company due to lack of support from the French. They explored the Hudson bay and built numerous trading posts across the region.
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A system of commercial trade between France, New France, and the West Indies was established. All boats that were to leave a port, must carry merchandise. France sent manufactured goods, while it's colonies sent various natural resources.
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The first region was created to diversify the economy, halfway from Montreal to Quebec City, based on iron. The second was to built ships to be able to perform trade.
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After the conquest, British merchants settled in Quebec and took over the fur trade. The French were kicked out of the industry.
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In 1810, the Timber industry surpasses the Fur industry as the Colonies biggest source of income. This is because of the surplus of wood in the colony and created jobs, such as log drivers and sawyers.
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The British governemnt inplemented a proectionist system to restrict international trade and to protect local business. Thes added tariffs and tax cuts to enrich only British companies.
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In 1830, an agricultural crisis broke out in Canada. The Wheat production fell majorly. The industry suffered along with Canadian farmers and many were left hungry because they could not afford the food and the increased rate, that was implemented due to the shortage.
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This treaty between Canada and the United States, encouraged import and export within North America by allowign free trade between the Countries.
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The phase was categorized by its source of capital; Great Britain and English businessmen, its types of industries; The key industries consisted of food processing (butter and cheese factories, sugar refineries, flour mills), leather and textiles, tobacco, transportation equipment (railways) and wood, its industrialized regions; The Montreal, however textile plants were also located in Valleyfield and the Eastern Townships, and its energy resources; Water power and coal.
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John A. Macdonald, the first prime minister of Canada establishes a policy to encourage industry within the colony. It called for high tariffs on imported manufactured items to protect the manufacturing industry of the country.
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Hydroelectricity is a renewable source of energy and is popular in Quebec due to our abundance of water. In Montréal, in 1892, the first hydropower generating station was built on the Lachine Canal.
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This Phase was categorized by its source of capital; British or American, its types of industries; food processing, shoe, clothing, textile, tobacco, hydroelectricity, aluminum, pulp and paper, its location; Montreal, Mauricie, Saguenay/Lac St. Jean, Outaouais, Abitibi, Estrie, and its energy resource; Hydroelectricity and fossil fuels.
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In 1929, the stock market crashed in New York, this affected all industrial and large market cities.
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The Great Depression lasted from 1929 to 1939 and was the worst economic downturn in the history of the industrialized world. It began after the stock market crash of October 1929, which sent Wall Street into a breakdown and caused extreme amounts of poverty.
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At this time, people began to have too much income to feel comfortable with the responsibility of its safety. Therefore, a bank was created to be a safe place for their money.
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Canada's economy was able to profit from the war as it produced firearms and other necessary products for war in large demand. This also hugely decreased unemployment.
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The energy crisis leads to an increase in the price of oil. Unemployment increased due to the lack of the crucial resouce. A recession took place in 1981 to end the crisis.
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The FTA was created to favourize manufacturing in the two counties by cutting taxes on imported items from the neighbour country. This benifited Canada's economy.
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NAFTA was created as an agreement to encourage trade within North America, between Canada, the United States, and Mexico.
